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The Incomparable Passion - Stuart McRobert (1999)

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Sometimes I think that training is not a noble enough activity to devote the best part of one's life to. In my own case I've tried to muster an equivalent level of interest in other activities, but other than my family, nothing comes close to training for delivering sustained passion. 

Most of you, if not nearly all of you, also have an inextinguishable and almost consuming passion for training. For better or worse, this is where we are. No matter what obstacles hit us, no matter how long something takes, we keep plugging away. 

When this passion is channeled properly, i.e., using drug-free sensible methods, training is not only a wonderful activity in its own right, with the journey being as important as the end result, but it can be a life preserver. It should promote exercise and dietary discipline, a healthful lifestyle, dogged determination, and a lifelong pursuit that not only adds life to our years, but years to our lives.

Being muscle and might buffs is not enough. Dreaming of physique transformation is not enough. Craving physical change is not enough. Acquiring training literature, and discussing training at length are not enough. Only intelligently directed training applied with dogged determination and a healthful lifestyle can deliver what will please us most of all -- stronger, healthier and better physiques. But even died-in-the-wool enthusiasts can lose focus,and just tread water rather than lunge forward.

I love my work; I love improving my collection of training magazines and books; I love discussing training. But even more than these, I love seeing progress in my own training and physique. And I reckon the same applies to you.
 
 

 
 
Challenge yourself to make the next eight weeks a period of perfect training and recovery. Don't just think about it, or daydream about it. Actually do it! Really get stoked up and apply what you've learned. For just eight weeks, sleep at least eight hours per night, eat an easily digested meal every three hours of a size appropriate to your caloric needs, train hard and intelligently no more than twice a week, truly use an abbreviated program and disciplined perfect form, and add weight in small increments. Then come the next issue of HARDGAINER, you'll have made definite improvement, and without injury or overtraining. Then do the same thing for the next eight weeks.  

Knowing what to do is one thing, but actually doing it is another matter, and what really counts.

I keep hammering away at the same basics, as does HARDGAINER as a whole, because that's all that really matters. If only people would grasp the basics, apply them, and stop hunting for training "secrets," and fixes in a bottle, then there would soon be massive progress in gyms throughout the world. While others continually search for the "secret" they think exists, or a quick-fix solutions, we know that no such thing exists as far as sane drug-free training goes.

Leave others to their expensive and futile pursuits, and apply the basics with dogged determination. Then the incomparable passion that drives us on will yield what we want most of all -- stronger, healthier and better physiques. 


Enjoy Your Lifting!
 

 


My Heavy Duty Evolution, Part One - Kevin Dye

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Mike Mentzer
 
The Heavy Duty Legacy Page (by invite): 
https://www.facebook.com/groups/534009143403377  
 
 
 
My Heavy Duty Evolution
by Kevin Dye 
 
My training journey began when I was twelve years old on holiday in the U.K. with my mum. Having had enough of living the sickly, underweight existence I had suffered all my life, spending excessive periods of time in hospitals undergoing test after test to try to discover the sources of my afflictions, I finally made a conscious decision to do something about my fate. In the freezing bedroom I was staying at in my nanny's house, I started doing pushups each morning as soon as I awoke each day. Once my mind was set, nothing got in the way of adhering to my daily ritual. That was the first step of a quest that would change my life. 
 
Initially, when I was two years old, I used to stop and stare at the TV when a muscleman came on and flexed his muscles to the "popcorn" music (to my parents amusement). Throughout my childhood, Hercules captivated my attention in the endless array of Saturday afternoon movies, as did Tarzan in his many recreations. The more muscular the actor, the more enthralled I became. Gordon Scott was my ideal Tarzan, due to his thick muscular arms and fabulous V-shape . . . the way Tarzan should look from swinging in the jungle all day. 
 
Among the comics I avidly collected, The Hulk was my favorite "hero." Discovering Bruce Lee when I was ten years old, and seeing his incredible lat spread in "Way of the Dragon" was the final enticement to embrace a bodybuilding lifestyle. In one way or another, muscles played a significant part in my upbringing. 
 
 
 
Gordon Scott (Tarzan), Steve Reeves (Hercules), The Hulk (Himself), Bruce Lee.
 
   
Advancing from pushups, I added chinups to my regimen. From 12 to 15 years old, those were the only two exercises I performed. Forget about leg work, what avid bodybuilder cared about his legs? All I wanted was huge arms and the widest back imaginable. Those were the traits my adolescent innocence associated with being a man. After all, didn't a V-shape separate the men from the boys? In my naivety, possessing a V-shape was the equivalent of the Golden Fleece. I wanted a wide set of lats so badly, there was a time I seriously toyed with the idea of "instant results" . . . a paper mache replication of actual muscle. If I had worked out a way to keep them in place under my T-shirt, while not chafing my triceps, I would have happily enacted my wild, outlandish scheme. But the concept wasn't practical, so I had to go along happily with what everyone else did . . . regular exercise. 
 
The next step from bodyweight exercises was the Bullworker I received for my 15th birthday. Unconvinced at the time that weights were needed,now I had the latest and greatest means towards my goal. After all, the guy in the instruction booklet that came with my new treasure was massive . . . and he relied on a Bullworker to get his incredible build, right? Three days a week, every morning before school, I'd avidly attack my Bullworker workouts. I'd give nothing less than my absolute all one each and every exercise outlined in my wall chart. As far as I was concerned, it was only a matter of time till I'd be a cloned version of 'Mr. Bullworker'. And although it got me so far, nine months later I started to question whether it would take me all the way to the muscleman proportions I envisioned. 
 
Christmas 1978, my parents surprised me with a set of dumbbells, along with 50 lbs. of weights. Maybe the badgering months earlier leading up to Christmas enticed them to choosing my Christmas gift? No matter the means of obtaining my newfound treasures, I was now in possession of what all musclemen relied on to build their bodies . . . free weights!  
 
Now, how to use them? What else but turn to the glossy muscle magazines I spied at the paper shop. But which routine was best? I chose a champ who was closest to my build, being among the slenderest . . . Frank Zane. Five days a week I'd train my muscles using 12 sets per bodypart. I took to free weights like a duck to water, and couldn't wait to roll my dumbbells from under my bed each day and start my one-plus hour workouts. About three months in and something was amiss. I wasn't seeing what I'd hoped for from my efforts. Then something happened that, in hindsight, was fate.
 
Visiting my close friend Roy, who had also been bitten by the muscle-bug, he showed me a vision that changed my whole training outlook. Having accumulated a decent collection of muscle magazines between us, we'd regularly swap and banter for issues the other had. On that fateful Saturday night, Roy showed me a Muscle Builder magazine with Hercules himself on the cover . . . Mike Mentzer. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not only did this thickly-set muscleman possess muscles beyond my imagination, the means by which he trained was unlike any other champion of the day! Instantly I knew I had to own this magazine. Roy took advantage of my enthusiasm, but I didn't care. After agreeing on a cassette rack and two magazines in return, the gem was mine.
 
I stayed up late that night, absorbing everything Mike said. He made such practical sense, and didn't rely on hearsay or dogma, which dominated the training style all the other champion bodybuilders relied upon. "Monkey see, monkey do" was the flavor of the day, along with the catch-cry: "If it was good enough for Arnold . . "; hardly a solid base to formulate an efficient training strategy. I revamped my workouts to what I now understood about scientific principles. A short while later, one Friday morning, my father stepped through the back door, having gone out of his way, after working a 12-hour shift, to purchase Mike's "Heavy Duty" booklet (1978). Finally I had my bible! My workouts and training would never look the same again.  


 
   
Instead of training 5 days a week using an indiscriminate arrangement of exercises, I cut back to 4 days a week - Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday. In addition, I cut my sets per muscle to less than half while increasing my effort tenfold. I felt a new surge in enthusiasm and my body responded accordingly. Instantly, it felt right. I liked what I was seeing in the mirror and knew, instinctively, I was on the right path. Over the coming weeks I'd ask my dad to go out of his way to the small bodybuilding store to purchase all of Mike's courses. I couldn't get enough of mike, nor his new and exciting style of training. Along with building up my gym equipment to assist with my new training style, I eagerly purchased any magazine that had Mike in it, which wasn't hard with Mike adorning an array of magazine covers in the '70s.
 
This was how I trained during the remainder of the 70s, until the early 80s. Averaging 4 sets per muscle and training 4 days a week. It felt right and my body was growing bigger and stronger. Then I read an article where Mike and Ray got together one day, pre-workout, to discuss how their workouts were progressing. Being practical about their endeavors, using their minds to direct their efforts, they came to the realization they hadn't yet recovered from their previous workout, so why train again if they weren't 100%? The answer to their dilemma was to reduce their weekly workouts to three days a week. Naturally, I followed suit and dropped back also, with an accompanying increase in enthusiasm and results. 
 
The brothers Mentzer laid the groundwork, I needed to direct my efforts and when they made changes, I followed suit. After all, they didn't simply change Heavy Duty on a mere whim; instead, all changes came about based on new findings and discoveries, their ever-evolving physiques reflecting the impact of their alterations . . . as did mine. For many years in the 80s, I trained three days a week. 1/2 body alternated Monday, Wednesday, Friday. Having one less workout a week to contend with was kinder on my joints and central nervous system, while boosting my already insatiable passion for training as intensely as possible.
 
Under their mentor Arthur Jones tutelage, Ray Mentzer became one of the biggest bodybuilders of the day, at 260 pounds . . . one of the first "mass monsters." Being the same height, 5'10", Ray became my source of inspiration. Ray was training differently from his famous brother, far less than either brother in their heyday. He was down to 8 set full-body workouts, twice weekly! So from 1984 throughout the 80s, I swung between full-body workouts and my prior 3 days a week routine. 
 
When Mike returned as a trainer, in the early 90s, it was a dream come true! I had my mentor in my life again. I promptly called him to discuss his new outlook, bought his new "Heavy Duty" book, then became a phone-consult client in 1995. 
 
 
 
   
 
 
Instead of training a muscle twice weekly at least every other week, Mike was now of the opinion once weekly was adequate. This was quite the revelation! But as muscles grow during rest and not during the actual workout, it made sense -- rest enhances the muscle building process. So I went on a push/pull/legs split, 1-2 sets average per muscle. These were by far my best workouts so far. I felt better recovered and being fully recovered I as able to apply myself 100% to each and every workout.
 
This was how I trained until the mid-90s, thrilled with how much better I looked and how much fresher I was for each workout. There wasn't a workout I didn't feel ready and raring to attack. Mike's infield testing, from 2,000+ clients, was what he used to shape his methodology. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Then I bought Mike's "Heavy Duty II: Mind and Body" book, and immediately switched to his new formulation . . . legs between two 1/2 upper-body workouts, Mike's Ideal Workout. This worked well, but possessing better-than-average recuperative abilities, I resumed my former 3-way split (Push/Pull/Legs). 

Late 90s, I started hearing about the success Mike was having with his "Consolidation Routine (CR). Mike and I discussed it and to entice me over he linked me with David Staplin. 

"Understanding Recovery: A Wound Healing Model" by David Staplin - 
 
Dr. Staplin was a big advocate of Mike's CR at the time, as were his many protégés. I did my own research, befriending Mike's biggest client, Aubrey Francis, who was 285 pounds and still growing! Aubrey was a poster child for the potential of brief and infrequent workouts. He was down to 2 sets once weekly and was growing bigger and stronger! Genetics aside, I had to find out what all the hype was about, so I started training every Sunday afternoon, following a nap so I was fresh and ready to HIT the gym. Using a mere 3 sets per workout, a single set of 3 different exercises, I thrived nicely on Mike's CR. In a month, I grew all over! My downfall was psychological, as I'd obsess over being out of the gym, especially as the week progressed and it was Thursday or Friday . . . 4 or 5 days since I last trained. I switched between Mike's Ideal Routine and his Consolidation Routine for many years, one nicely offset the other. Until that time, it was the perfect combination.
 
Ultimately, I discovered thrice-weekly workouts suited my training needs, psychological and physiological. Once or twice-weekly workouts leave me wanting . . . though I have gained from both. My "home routine" is a 3-way split, 3 sets total per workout. I prefer a push/pull/legs split. Training legs midweek is like getting over a hump. Back day, being one of my earliest obsessions, is one of my favorite workouts. It enables me to end my training week on a high. I now focus predominantly on the basics, the "beast moves," to ensure I get the most bang for my buck. I continue to progress each and every workout, proving Mike was right again -- when a trainee is on the right routine, making adjustments in accordance to their strength levels, progress should be regular and consistent.
 
I have come a long way on my journey from a naive teen relying on a Bullworker to achieve all his dreams but also, so has my size and strength. If Mike taught me anything, it was not to blindly accept anything, to question it and test out its merit. Over three-and-a-half decades, Mike's words of wisdom continue to direct my training needs, and with each passing year, Mike's words ring truer and truer. He as a ground-breaker, one of a kind, there will never be another. I am thankful Mike came along when he did, at a young and impressionable time of my life, when I needed fact not fiction. For those in search of the truth, Mike's legacy burns bright! 
 
"You cannot teach a man anything, you can only help him find it within himself." 
 - Galileo Galiei
 
 
In Part Two . . . My Heavy Duty Life.
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

On Building Muscle and Strength - Charles Coster (1958)

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 Check it Out!
 
Also:
Abbreviated Training Facebook Group (sign-up required)


 
 
 
Moses Maldonado
 How the hell do you spell symettry.
 
 
 
 1958.
 
Always remember this point . . .   

The human body does not react exactly the same way in any two people. 

Also, an individual will notreact to the same stress the same way at all times. 

Likewise, -- stamina, recuperative power, general health, etc., will not always be at the same level, and these are factors that will have to be allowed for from time to time, as they fluctuate. 
 
The chosen task of building a solid muscle and strength structure is a great undertaking that calls for a sensitive, receptive and persistent personality. 
 
Disappointment is experienced frequently during training schedules; but there is always a reason, and once the cause of the trouble is know a remedy can be applied. 
 
The important thing is to remain on the alert - so that training errors can quickly be detected. 
 
Even a successful schedule that is bringing good results should be reexamined occasionally - for it could easily mean that you are ripe for even greater progress on a more demanding routine. 
 
You may have gained a lot of training knowledge already - but remember there is always room for more. 
 
Correct eating along appropriate lines is most important. Your body can be likened to an engine - it must have sufficient fuel of the right kind if it is going to function as close as possible to your satisfaction.   
 
If you desire the best results available to you, a sustained effort is paramount in importance. Spasmodic enthusiasm is not nearly so effective. 
 
Always try to understand what is happening to your body at the particular time you are doing it. 
 
Remember - all lifters, from the champion to the novice, have experienced setbacks at one time or another. A particular combination of sets and reps may have brought them good results at one time, but may subsequently seem to lose their effect on certain muscle groups. Then, they would have to make a careful examination of the position, and supply themselves with alternative procedures.   

Staleness is a monster that all athletes in all fields of training must constantly try to forestall and prevent. 

REST also plays a vital part in the weight training world, and for a very interesting reason. Most young lifters are overenthusiastic in their desire to become stronger and better built, and nothing will produce staleness quicker than the prolonged over-expenditure of energy on regular routine tasks. So guard against the risks of staleness by taking regular rest periods -- whether you feel like you want them or not. And of course, the length of your rest will depend entirely upon your type of physique. 

When you can understand, control, and anticipate the problems I have mentioned -- you will be in a much better position to attack your main objective without irritating and unnecessary losses of time caused by baffling sticking points.
 
As time goes on you will find that your body will respond differently, for better or for worse, to a routine used in the past. 
 
If your program is well-balanced, you will know exactly how hard certain groups can be worked without handicapping yourself for the following workout.
 
Alternately, if certain groups are worked to their absolute limit capacity on, for example, Monday, knowledge and control of your own physical capacity will lead you to not expect another peak performance on the following workout, depending on how long you wait to take that next workout. 
 
Muscle and skeletal aches can also be avoided by a wise grouping of certain exercises. Never "mix" an extensive squat program with a deadlift workout on the same day; your lumbar region can easily become overworked this way. 
 
Most people have a "weak section" that lags behind the rest, and it worries them. If YOU have a section that needs extra cultivation for a time there are several ways of going about it. One way is to temporarily suspend your general lifting program and concentrate completely on the part that is weak. You may be afraid that your earlier gains will suffer by this experiment, but such will not be the case. Be bold -- concentrate upon your weak parts almost exclusively for a time, giving the other sections of your physique a maintenance workout once a week to prevent any great amounts of loss that may otherwise take place. Don't worry about any minor temporary losses. Once gains are made they are much easier to regain than they were to establish originally. 
 
If you do decide to strongly specialize the section that is seriously lagging behind, you will have to make several experiments to find out your best way for maximum results. How much training can your particular physique absorb with benefit and how often can this training be done? You will have to make some very thorough experiments before drawing the right conclusions and then proceeding upon definite lines. This response to training and the ability to recuperate from training will vary over the years of your lifting. 
 
Training of a very high intensity level cannot be put into effect suddenly -- the upper levels of intensity have to reached gradually over time, otherwise the experiment will derail quickly into failure. 
 
Tone, stamina, and mental toughness must be obtained before you can realistically expect to greatly alter the size and strength of your body; therefore, a foundation based on the fundamentals is extremely important to establish. 
 
Your mental attitude is most important in determining if your will succeed or fail in this endeavor. Never allow yourself to be ruled by an inferiority complex; but never allow yourself to be ruled by an inflated ego either. 
 
The importance of mental mastery in your lifting experiments cannot be exaggerated. Like developing an appreciation for music . . . mathematics . . . chess . . . poetry . . . hunting . . . carpentry . . . literature, BIG etc. (hint hint), the task of getting closer and closer to your own level of physical perfection is integral to realizing the full beauty of life. [The shallowness of a one-dimensional, lifting-only "life" leaves much to be desired. Just ask any one of the many whom you've noticed yawn a lot and look longingly at an exit door when you're conversing with them. The problem may be you and not widespread insomnia, moron.] 
 
Now, the overall problem here can be divided into several parts. There is the beginners stage, the intermediate stage, the advanced stage, and the very advanced stage which very, very few people reach. 
 
The first phase is simple and straightforward, the second is quite strenuous, the third requires much hard work and determination, and the fourth often requires specialization and fine tuning. 
 
Whichever stage YOU have arrived at, be thorough in your efforts. The Weider Principles yada yada . . . 
 
There are, of course, certain arguments against a general, full body workout which are hard to overcome. By subjecting the entire physique to weight training exercise during one single workout, the energy of the lifter becomes dissipated over too wide an area, too vast an array of exercises, and the problem of waning concentration has to be dealt with. Going beyond a certain point, the lifter becomes focused more on just completing the ordeal and has no energy for actually concentrating on what he is doing.
 
Naturally this can be remedied, often without "splitting" the workout. Using fewer exercises, focusing on the big exercise movements such as squats, pulling and pressing movements will get the job done without ravaging the energy stores of the lifter, stores needed to properly recuperate AND rebuild beyond the previous levels. Factoring in more days away from the gym between these sessions is also to be considered and experimented with.
 
However, many people do see a higher rate of progress, at times, by dividing or "splitting" the body into "areas" and training more frequently but for shorter periods of time each session. You will have to experiment and find out when this is true for you, and it will be dependent on many, many other non-lifting factors occurring at that time in your life. Just remember that, even though you will be lifting more frequently, you still must not go beyond the point that you can recuperate from before the next session. 

By proceeding in this way, by dividing up the work over more training days, we are able to direct the whole of our energy into a certain section that calls for more attention, which means that some muscles receive specialized attention when the energy of the lifter is at its highest. The amount of work that you will be able to apply in a session to the weakest part of your physique can only be determined by yourself at the start.   

But remember . . . the amount of success you hope to achieve will be closely related to the mental understanding and control you develop over your own body, and your capacity to exercise these special parts will be changing all the time as tone and quality improve. 

When a certain part is particularly weak in relative strength and muscle growth, try to plan the workout so that the muscle receives a maximum amount of exercise stimulation without becoming overworked or jaded. 

Whilst you are trying to remedy a deficiency of nature the keynote must be encouragement -- not punishment. 
 
Broadly speaking, there are five objectives closely associated with the practice of bodybuilding. Some people are overweight -- and want to reduce. Many people are underweight, and want to increase. Others take to weight training because they know it will improve their general health, whilst the more ambitious want to possess bodies like the physique stars, and others aim at becoming Olympic weightlifters of note. 
 
Whichever classification you belong to -- once past the foundation stage you will have to plan ahead intelligently in order to get the results you want, and ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO DO THIS IS BY KEEPING A WRITTEN DIARY, briefly recording the details of all workouts.
 
If, for example, you experienced outstanding progress about nine months ago, but have recently run into a bad sticking point -- you will not be able to successfully analyze the cause of the trouble unless you possess an accurate training diary to refer to. 
 
If you have to rely upon your memory alone to trace the cause of the trouble, you may remain baffled (flummoxed!), or draw the wrong conclusions; but a carefully kept training diary can supply you with the key to the problem quite quickly based on the actual facts from the past (perplexed nevermore!).
 
It is a good thing, a positive thing to work certain muscle groups "hard" . . . but it is equally important to know just how long they should be rested afterwards; and this is where your training diary can also prove its value, for it will enable you to easily compare dates.
 
Remember -- if you plan to bring yourself to peak condition at a set time, this is something you will have to learn to do, and much of your future reaping of rewards will be controlled by the record of your mistakes in the past. In other words -- unless your mind makes progress with your muscles in this respect you are going to waste a lot of time in unnecessary effort

Whatever your ambitions are -- 
your understanding of "rest" -- "nutrition" -- and "exercise" is most important. 
 
 
The Ancient and Mystical Way of the Guinea Pig.
 
 
If an experiment is unsuccessful, discard it for now, but realize it may be the key to continuing gains later. A "good combination" of sets/reps/intensity/exercise style/frequency doesn't necessarily mean that it is the "best combination" forever, and the astute person is always on the lookout for some "twist" or "tweak" that will make it even better. 
 
If you can honestly examine your own affairs and say that you are constantly on the alert, and working just as hard with your mind as you are with your body -- then there will be no mental barriers to strength and muscle building as far as you are concerned, and you will be able to look to the future with confidence.
 
One detail may be important -- but many details make perfection.
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting! 


  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

My Heavy Duty Evolution, Part Two- Kevin Dye

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The Heavy Duty Legacy Page (by invite): 
https://www.facebook.com/groups/534009143403377  
 
 
Part One is Here:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Part Two: My Heavy Duty Life
by Kevin Dye
 
My introduction to Mike Mentzer, and Heavy Duty, began the winter of 1978 while visiting a friend. We both started training at the same time, a year earlier on our 15th birthdays after both receiving Bullworkers (I progressed to free weights Christmas 1977, after realizing my Bullworker could only take me so far). 
 
During my visit he was proudly showing me his muscle magazine collection, when one grabbed my attention,  . . . a 1976 Muscle Builder with a moustached guy on the cover that could have easily been mistaken for Hercules himself!
 
 
 
 
 
Aware of my eagerness to acquire this particular magazine for my own collection, my friend bartered hard, but I didn't care, I had to have that gem regardless of the cost. We finally agreed on two muscle magazines and a cassette holder. I proudly took my newly acquired bounty home to devour the contents. Amazingly, here was a guy promoting a system so far removed from the style of the day, it was akin to discovering aliens lived among us! 
 
Until then I had slaved away for three months on a Frank Zane style routine, 12 sets per muscle, 5 days per week. But I can't say I had seen anything spectacular for my efforts. That was "the way," so who was I to contest it? Yet Mike did, with conviction and science to boot! I was enthralled by Mike's approach, and immediately became a  fan, buying anything and everything with Mike Mentzer on the cover, or within its pages. Like my vast Bruce Lee collection, my Mike Mentzer amassment soon expanded extensively. 
 
Then my Dad came across a small bodybuilding shop across the other side of the city that imported various products from the USA; best of all it stocked Mike's Heavy Duty courses! Talk about the "Golden Fleece!" My Dad would go out of his way to get me a booklet each Friday morning . . . despite working 12-hour shifts. As soon as he walked in the door with my latest treat, I'd retreat to my bedroom where I'd read and reread it for hours, until it was firmly ingrained in my subconscious. I embraced Heavy Duty because it made sense. Monday and Thursday I trained legs, chest, and triceps. On Tuesday and Friday, back, delts, and biceps. 
 
When I was 18 years old, I got the most incredible news . . . Mike Mentzer was coming to Australia! (where I live). This was a few months before the 1980 debacle that changed Mike's destiny, and my perception of bodybuilding contests. I was so excited about going to greet my teen hero at the airport, I literally lost my voice the day of his arrival. I was devastated. I had so much to ask Mike, yet all I could do was to squeak out a request for Mike to sign my Heavy Duty booklet and a picture I had drawn of him. But before we met I struggled to meet find him in the airport. I frantically looked around, without avail . . . until I spotted an Arab looking guy, with a rugged jawline that reminded me of Roger Ramjet. Next to him stood Cathy Gelfo, Mike's girlfriend. He was bronzed, just how I envisioned my hero would be. 
 
What amazed me immediately was how Mike's chest jutted out from atop his shirt, reportedly his weakest body part. I remember thinking if this was his weakest muscle I can't wait to see his strongest! What struck me next was how his calves stretched the bottom of his pants. Being a calf nut all my life, I was mesmerized, following Mike around the airport like a zombie. My girlfriend and I drove away that day, leaving Mike standing next to Paul Graham, awaiting their lift. The rest of the day my head was buzzing as I anticipated seeing Mike pose that evening at a bodybuilding contest I'd bought a ticket to.
 
Arriving at the contest, Mike stood in the doorway in a short-sleeved brown velvet top, selling his courses from a suitcase. What could be mistaken for legs hung from his wide shoulders! I had to get a closer look, but trying to be discreet I went to the bar to order an orange juice -- drinks were included in the admission price. While waiting for my order I snuck a look at Mike standing behind me . . . there they were, Mike's freaky triceps . . . hanging over his elbows! I had never seen anything like it, and haven't since, despite meeting most of the champs since then, the cream of the crop in their prime. Champs like Matt Mendenhall, Lee Haney, Lou Ferrigno, Rich Gaspari, Gary Strydom, Lee Labrada, Dorian Yates, Robby Robinson, Albert Beckles, Paul Dillett. Lance Dreher, and Kevin Levrone. While most outweighed Mike, none had the impact Mike did. His charisma was unmistakable. Then again, nothing comes close to meeting your teen idol in the flesh.
 

 
Mike ended the bodybuilding show with a rugged posing display, the final proof I needed about the validation of Heavy Duty. I was enthralled to see Mike in all his glory hitting Herculean pose after pose, like I'd statically seen in the various bodybuilding magazines. Mike than answered a few questions, which was ruined by a drunk in the audience who kept badgering him about eggs . . . until Mike ended his tirade, mirthfully asking "You know what eggs are, don't you?" That cracked the audience up! Then the time was up so Mike left the stage and disappeared backstage. I barely recall the drive home that Sunday night, my mind was swirling over from what I had just witnessed. The next day my Heavy Duty workouts took on a whole new perspective, my outlook had changed dramatically, and I have never looked back.
 
Later that year the bizarre happened; Arnold regained his Mr. Olympia title, Mike was shunted to 5th place, and bodybuilding contests lost their interest to us both. Being just two states away, I spoke to those who were there, who confirmed the fiasco, some witnessing champs smashing their trophies in the car park! 
 
Shortly after, Mike disappeared from the bodybuilding scene, and despite a brief period where he published "Workout" magazine in 1983, he went AWOL. I continued to train Heavy Duty style, but with an added rest day each week on an ABA BAB setup like Mike and Ray did before their departure. Despite being in my early 20's, the rest day was a bonus, as I felt better recuperated. That was how I progressed with my workouts throughout the 80's, despite dabbling with HIT full-body workouts now and then via Mike's mentor, Arthur Jones, and his protege, Ellington Darden. Being the only HIT advocates around, I was keen to discover for myself what their version of HIT could deliver. My best gains were 2 kgs in 2 weeks on Ell's "BIG" routine! That was, despite my best efforts, after being stuck fast at 78 kgs for two whole years. 

Early 90's I returned to studies to earn a university degree, and coincidentally Mike resurfaced as a trainer. Mike was rewriting his Heavy Duty booklet, so I called him to place an order and to chat. It was great to hear his voice again; Mike sounded firmer that ever about the validity of his system, based upon a better understanding of the practical application of his principles he'd gleaned from his in-the-gym clients. Despite already being a Heavy Duty advocate, Mike's return invigorated me. I even underwent hypnosis sessions to boost my pain threshold and intensity levels. I saved up, being a poor university student, and in 1995 I became on of Mike's clients. This was during Mike's HDII phase, where he was getting all the pieces together to formulate his next stage of evolution. He even offered for me to go into business with him, selling his new Heavy Duty book, but I had to turn him down due to my tight study schedule. 

Mike had some new tweaks he'd been testing out on his clients, yet he was still in an experimental stage. He even stated to me, "You are part of an experiment." His next book was a year away, Heavy Duty II: Mind and Body. I resumed what worked before, and I did quite well on a 3-way split Monday, Wednesday, and Friday.
 
 
 
 
 
Late 90's I contacted Mike's biggest client, 280-lb Aubrey Francis. Aubrey was doing 2-set workouts, every 7-10 days . . . and growing bigger and stronger! That peaked my interest and curiosity, and shortly afterwards Mike linked me with Dr. David Staplin, who also used the consolidation routine. Mike's push to get me to change to his ultimate inclination of Heavy Duty was the final prompt, so I switched routines. 
 
Every Sunday afternoon following a nap so I was 100% fresh, I'd HIT the gym. And while I did well the month I kept with it, the mental anguish of being away from the gym became overwhelming, so I went back to what Mike taught me prior. *I've since come to realize I possess better recuperative powers than most, hence my ability to train more frequently than many trainees and still make consistent progress. 
 
I grew concerned about an escalating feud between Mike and his former business partner, Brian Johnston (I wrote for his Heavy Duty Bulletin) in 2001, so I wrote Mike an in-depth email in an attempt to squash the beef. 
 
The following morning I awoke to a slew of emails from around the world informing me of Mike's demise! Having heard Net hype and rumors before, initially I dismissed them, until I got confirmation from a reliable source, Master Trainer Richard Winnett. I went into shock! I had a young son by then, who I went out on daily walks with, The next couple of weeks we went for long, silent walks. I didn't know what to think. It took me two weeks to even let my wife know! She knew what Mike meant to me, yet I couldn't find the words to tell her. 
 
Fortunately, the good that came from the bad during that grave period was the close, cherished friendship I built with Mike's heir, Joanne Sharkey. She supported me through that horrid time of my life, and we continue to stay in touch, despite our hectic schedules; her keeping the Mentzer legacy alive, me earning my second degree. Mike read his last fateful night on earth. I find deep solace knowing that. Mike touched both our lives, and made us better people for having known him.
 
Mike's teachings remain with me; they have taken me a long way from the bony skeleton I was back in 1977. My workouts are a far cry from what they once were, out of necessity, due to the poundages I now handle and the intensity levels I generate. Nowadays three sets per workout is my lot . . . six intense minutes that takes me to my limits! And I continue to progress every workout! (I thank my dear friend, and fellow Mentzer student, Bill Sahli 
 
 
for helping me simplify to my current point. He knows where it's at when it comes to Heavy Duty and how best to apply Mike's teachings). That speaks volumes for Mike's teachings, as I enter my 50th year on this ball of dust. Each year I get reminded how right Mike was about bodybuilding. He was a man, he wasn't a deity, but I can say wholeheartedly he was more right than wrong. I am living testimony to that. 
 
Mike was a thinker.
 
His ultimate goal was to get others to think for themselves. 
 
The dogma that directed bodybuilding is what started Mike challenging "the powers that be." If Mike left anything behind, it was the belief every aspect of training, and life, should be critically analyzed and assessed, not blindly accepted. 
 
That magazine I bartered for at a young, impressionable age was the catalyst that changed the destiny of my life. I had a wonderful teacher, one who has served me well throughout my life. He left a profound impression on me, one that lasts the test of time.
 
"A teacher affects eternity: he can never tell where his influence stops." 
 - Henry Adams. 
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!      
 
      
 

The One-Hand Deadlift - Tony Rose (1992)

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 Originally Published in This Issue (Hardgainer #17) 
 
 
 
More on the One Arm Deadlift here:
 
 
 
In 1914, that wonderful wizard of weightlifting, W.A. (Bill) Pullum, established, at a bodyweight of 122 pounds, a World Record Right Hand Deadlift of 324 pounds.

This was done under strict BAWLA (British Amateur Weight-Lifters' Association) rules 

Number 15 and 16, Here:
 
which laid down that the barbell should be lifted to at least the lifter's knees. At the conclusion of the lift, the legs should be straight with knees locked and braced. The feet remained astride throughout the lift. The bar used was, of course, a cambered bar. 




Photo Courtesy of 



Just imagine the back strength and astounding grip of a 122-pound lifter in the bantamweight class hoisting 324 pounds under the iron discipline of the BAWLA rules. 

The vice-like grip of the old-time gentleman of the weights was no accident. It came about quite simply by the constant handling of really heavy weights. One and two-handed deadlifting are the supreme tests of grip and back strength.
 
Let's dwell for a moment on some of the enormous weights lifted in those early days by the greatest deadlifters. Hermann Goerner at once springs to mind. A circus strongman from the tender age of 23, and already a champion weightlifter in his home country of Germany at 21. His circus career took him across the world, including many tours of South Africa.
 
In 1927 he met W.A. Pullum . . .
 

. . . and performed officially judged lifts before him. Among them were a right hand deadlift with 602.5 pounds and a left hand deadlift of 501 pounds. He was 36 years old at the time. Under German rules, when he was younger, aged 28, his world record lifts included a one-hand deadlift of 727.75 pounds. It's said that his forearms were 15", upper arm 18" and wrist 9". 

I remember well, Tom Inch, one of the world's strongest me, writing to me in the late thirties and telling me he had a pupil of 154 pounds whom he had trained to lift 440 pounds in the one-hand deadlift. He himself could lift over 500 pounds in this lift. Ronald Walker, the greatest heavyweight Olympic weightlifter we had here in England in the mid-thirties, one-hand deadlifted 441 pounds officially.

The one-hand lifts with both barbell and dumbbell greatly accelerated the development of a mighty forearm and a bone crushing grip. The one-hand deadlift is quite simply, the greatest grip developer the world has ever known.

I could go on and on abut the fantastic old Supermen, but, having, I hope, given you a taste for doing some training on the one-hand deadlift, let's start with how to do it the correct way. 

A cambered bar should be used for a maximum lift, though you don't have to have this bar to train this lift.

The bar should be at right angles to your front, with legs astride the bar (heels 15-18" apart) and remaining so throughout the lift. The bend in the cambered bar should be away from you when you grasp it so that it will roll into the hand when the lift commences. This is very important.

Make sure you have the exact center of the barbell. Then, keeping the back straight, the buttocks low, and bending the knees outward, grasp the middle of the bar with the lifting hand. Place the other hand on the opposite thigh with fingers and thumb turned inwards. 
 
Hollow the back, keep your buttocks low and start your pull. Keep on pulling even though you feel your grip is failing (and press very hard on your knee with the disengaged hand). I always turned my thumb inside my forefinger (hook grip) when performing this lift, but used a plain grip for training to build up gripping power. 
 
As the bar passes the knees, turn the disengaged hand outwards and press against the outside of the leg. This helps with the straightening of the legs. Use plenty of trapezius power and keep the shoulder as high as possible as the bar comes up. Hold the finishing position for a count of two.
 
How do we train this lift? 
 
Simply by doing it often. One of the great assistance exercises for this is, of course, the overhand grip two-hand deadlift, with a sleeved barbell to slightly increase the circumference of the bar.
 
Train the one-hand deadlift after your squatting session.
 
Always use around 75% of your maximum and limit the reps to 4 -- never use less weight than this. Gradually add weight, working up to a single rep, with 3-5 minutes rest between sets. Don't bother using light weights at all on this lift once the style had been learned. It's quite pointless.
 
For present day strongmen interested in the vintage lifts, one-hand snatching, one-hand cleaning and, above all, the one-hand swing, will all help the muscles used in this lift.
 
Little pastimes that help the grip are card tearing, bar bending, nail breaking, tearing telephone directories, using grippers and grip machines, and hanging from door lintels until you drop,m and keep trying to break horse shoes. Build up your grip! 
 
Next: The Two-Hands Anyhow
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!  
 
 








 
 
 
 
 
 

Hardgainer 2.0 Magazine is Out Now

Broadening the Shoulders (1972)

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 Originally Published in this Issue (May 1992)
Photo Courtesy of Muscle Memory
 
 

 
 
 
Growing Up to Your Hips:
Broadening the Shoulders 
by "The Editor"
 
At this time, John Grimek was listed as editor and Gord Venables as managing editor. 
 
 
Basically, the legs, hips and low back are the real seat of power . . . but only when one grows up to and develops his upper body in proportion to his hip size. As, for example, in early childhood the basic shape is quite square, with little or no difference between the shoulder breadth and the width of the hips. However, as the youngster grows and develops, especially the male, the upper body begins to broaden, the chest gets bigger  and deeper, and though the hips do grow, they do so at a much slower rate, which starts giving the body that tapered, V-shaped appearance.
 
Females, on the other hand, develop and grow rounder in the hip area, giving them the female characteristics nature intended for child-bearing. And although their shoulders develop they still remain relatively smaller by comparison. Consequently, women, especially hard working women, will often have amazing power in the legs and hips, and frequently are much stronger in this area than the average male. In pushing tests, for example, such women have been known to out-push the male quite easily even though the man may outweigh the woman by many pounds. This is because the woman's hip structure is more compatible to its related size than those of the male, who may have large hips only because he is overweight. 

It's not natural for the male to have oversized hips . . . his structure is not suited to this. However, the man who has a heavy hip structure and succeeds in developing his shoulders in proportion to his hip size does indeed have a great potential for gaining size and immense power! 


 Reg Park


 As the youngster begins to approach puberty his body chemistry begins to stimulate body growth. Height begins to increase, as do the limbs and other structures, with the whole body undergoing changes. In the male the shoulders begin to broaden and, with the right type of exercise done during this time to give nature an additional boost, shoulder width can be stimulated. And even though the hips do grow, they grow at a much slower pace and remain proportionately smaller in relation to the upper body.
 
Basically there are three main exercise groups that influence body growth. They are: 
 
Leg Work
Chest Expanding Movements
Shoulder Stimulation
 
Let's define each group separately. 
 
Group 1: Leg Work
 
Leg work is needed to produce a state of breathlessness that will force the lungs to inflate to capacity and thus exert greater pressure on the chest walls from within. However, this can only be accomplished when adequate repetitions are performed to produce a breathless state. Moreover, heavy weights are not a factor. Instead, moderate poundages should be used that will allow the individual to do at least 15 consecutive counts (reps), although in some cases 20 to 25 reps might be even better. The whole idea behind the higher reps is to stimulate the respiratory and circulatory systems to their maximum, followed immediately with some chest expanding exercise that will supplement the needed oxygen created by the high repetition leg work. This, coupled with the chest expanding movements, will help to lift the rib cage and, in the process, increase the rib-box capacity, thus resulting in a bigger, deeper and wider chest.
 
3 to 5 sets might be necessary to achieve a complete leg and chest workout, but with each additional set of leg work resistance should be increased while the repetitions are decreased, such as: 
 
Ist set -- 15-25 reps
2nd set -- 12 reps, more weight
3rd set -- 9, more weight
4th set -- 6, more weight
5th set -- 3, more weight
 
Note: I'm betting this was Grimek writing. 
 
To be more effective, each set of squats must be followed by a set of a chest expanding movement, such as will be explained in the chest work phase. Moreover, for those who feel they want to increase leg power, 3 to 5 additional single attempts in the squat should be done, using maximum weight so that not only does the chest structure benefit, but increased leg power is also acquired in the process.
 
Group 2: Chest Work for Chest Expansion
 
After each set of squats one or more of the chest expanding exercises mentioned here should be included to aid rib-box expansion. Bear in mind that while some resistance is necessary to induce greater expansion, resistance in this case plays only a minor role. Because, if too much resistance is employed, greater muscular mass becomes activated, and this in turn restricts rib-box expansion. 
 
For example, if the pullover is employed, which is one of the simplest yet very effective movements, a barbell weighing 25 to 40 pounds should prove ample, and less if you are an inexperienced beginner. The whole idea is to permit full action of the ribs though deep inhalations, but if the resistance is too great, muscle action is involved and this constricts the ribs and prevents maximum expansion, thus full capacity expansion is not realized. So, remember, in all chest expanding movements resistance is only secondary, but achieving full movement is vitally important.

Other exercises in this category are the lateral raise, and this exercise can be done in the supine, incline, and decline positions; dislocates that articulate the shoulder scapulae and rib cage can also be done at supine, decline, and incline levels, as well as extending the arms overhead such as in regular pressing. In any exercise that is used primarily for chest expanding, only a minimum amount of resistance is needed, and this, you'll find out, works better and produces faster results than if maximum resistance is employed. 

In terms of repetitions for chest expansion, employ anywhere from 15 to 18 counts, breathing deeply and exhaling as much as possible with each rep. And, to reiterate, best results will be achieved only when such chest expanding movements are done immediately after leg work, leg work that has created a demand for the oxygen causing the lungs to inspire and expire more fully. But this can only be achieved through reasonably high repetitions. Don't forget that! 
 
Group 3: Shoulder Stimulation
 
It might be mentioned that when you succeed in expanding your chest, making it larger, your shoulders also grow and become wider in the process, simply because as the rib-box expands the scapulae, which are located on the back of the rib-box, move farther apart and add length to the clavicular area . . . and this is especially true when exercise is done during the growing period before full maturity sets in. Therefore, it's a good idea to include such exercise that articulates the shoulders because such action has a direct influence in aiding shoulder broadening.
 
Such simple exercises as chinning, particularly when done with a very wide grip, activates the clavicular area and can stimulate growth, as will the stunt that's known as "skinning the cat" which articulates the scapulae shoulder blades strongly. Another type of novel exercise is to arrange some way in which the legs are held, on a support or in a loop while holding onto some support with one hand, while the other hand holds a weight. The idea is to S-T-R-E-T-C-H the shoulders; the weight held in one hand helps to pull the shoulder attachments and can add additional width. This stretching exercise should be done after your regular workout for best results.
 
Also, hanging by your knees or ankles and doing "dislocated" while in this inverted position is also invaluable for chest deepening and inducing shoulder width. However, don't expect to see any great changes within a few days. Increasing shoulder width takes time . . . a lot of time, so be patient and keep working. 
 
Other exercises that react beneficially on shoulder broadening are done with chest exapanders. These exercises move the scapulae even better than do weights. In fact practically all cable exercise favors the shoulders. For example, the overhead pulldown to shoulders with cables is a fine shoulder exercise that can stimulate broadening. The back press in which the cables are pressed out to arms' length behind the back, then with the arms extended the shoulders are shrugged, squeezed together and then expanded while rounding the back, reacts very favorably on shoulder breadth. However, for additional details I suggest you refer to Bob Hoffman's books on Broader Shoulders (currently out of print), and Big Chest. Many exercises are suggested and explained that would be too long to discuss here. 
 
"Broad Shoulders" in 15 Parts, starting here
 
"Big Chest" in 13 Parts, starting here:
 
I'd like to mention two outstanding examples of increased shoulder width while still keeping the hips proportionately small. They are Steve Reeves and Reg Park. Both have done ample leg work, although Reeves, while training in York for the Mr. Universe contest, only did the Hack lift. 
 

 
 


But Reeves always had good shoulder breadth naturally though he lacked chest depth. Had he employed full squats more often, his torso depth would have increased dramatically. 

Reg Park, on the other hand, always squatted with heavy weights, so developed not only broader shoulders but a huge massive chest. 


 
 
Just remember, that in spite of the reports that you hear about squats, none are true. Squats, if done in sufficient numbers, WILL NOT enlarge the hips, but may if only a minimum number of reps are done in a workout. But when 50 or more reps are done in a workout, the hips remain strong, firm and amazingly small. We have numerous Olympic lifting champs to prove that, while powerlifters, who use only a minimum number of reps, invariably get heavy in this area, which proves my point: high reps keep the hips in proportion, while low counts will increase hip size. 
 
You should do leg work if you want to increase your shoulder width. It just takes a little work. Do it now while you're young and still growing . . . it's much easier that way. 

Enjoy Your Lifting!
      
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  

My Heavy Duty Evolution, Part Three - 40 Years On - Kevin Dye

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A Young Mike Mentzer


Part One and Two are Here: 


The Heavy Duty Legacy Facebook Page (by invite): 

 

 

 Heavy Duty 40 Years On
by Kevin Dye  
 
 
To recap my former two articles, My Heavy Duty Life and My Heavy Duty Evolution, Mike Mentzer was a breath of fresh air when I commenced bodybuilding in my mid-teens. Starting with a Bullworker I received for my 15th birthday, I moved on to free weights later that year (my 1978 Christmas present), starting my search for the most efficient way to train.
 
Like most, I tried a volume based routine, but 12 sets a muscle spread over 5 days a week didn't cut it, which is when I was fortunate enough to happen upon Mike and Heavy Duty, which changed my mindset and training outlook for life! 
 
Forty years on, Mike's words ring as true as they did when I started . . . maybe even more so as I discovered using Mike's guidance matched to my individual needs, I continue to improve at this (late stage) of the game. The unavoidable fact is the stronger I've become, the less I can tolerate. Thanks to hypnosis, which I discussed in my prior articles, my intensity levels are up there with the best of them, therefore a small amount of high intensity exercise goes a long way. Logically, I focus my efforts on the most productive exercises, something Mike learned when he formulated his Consolidation Routine.
 
It stands to reason I want to focus my efforts on moves which provide the best stimulus. Exercises that deliver "the most bang for my buck" . . . multi-joint compound moves. Mike knew these were the moves which delivered the best results, and logically emphasized them as the bases of advanced routines. Through my vast experience and research (EMG studies), I am down to a small, but effective pool of exercises. Some I came about through the good grace of fellow heavy Duty enthusiasts like Bill Sahli . . . 
 
Several Bill Sahli Articles here:
 
 . . . others through trial and effort to discover what suits me best. I firmly believe had I known and placed all my efforts into these moves from day one, I'd have achieved my current stats far sooner than I did.
 
One such gem was High Pulls. 
 
I was blessed to be introduced to them by Bill Sahli. Unknown to most, I was unsure how beneficial high pulls were. But keeping an open mind, something Mike ingrained in me, I gave them a try. Having developed decent delts though Scott presses, I'm always mindful of using whatever helps me achieve me goals. It took a few workouts to get the right feel, but once I mastered them I was surprised how much my delts improved (in a mere month). As Bill claimed, they work the delts and surrounding muscles super-effectively. Being a compound move that allows ever-increasing poundages, they soon became a valued addition to my exercise pool, something I dearly wish I'd have included from day one.
 
For my 56th birthday this year, I treated myself to a Powertec Leverage Gym. Safety being crucial for training longevity, and training alone, I needed to be able to train on something I trust. I went with what I considered the closest to commercial grade equipment for the home gym without having to take a loan from Fort Knox. I don't have any financial interest in Powertec, but I wanted heavy gauge equipment, and through extensive research I went with what I deemed best suited my needs to last me an eternity. This has become the center piece of my gym, along with other heavy duty equipment. I can train with piece of mind, able to focus on whatever exercises I use while ensuring my safety.
 
I focus on only those exercises which are safe and allow consistent progress. Instead of hampering my efforts, it simplifies my routines. 
 
"The idea is not to go into the gym to see how many sets you can do or how long you can mindlessly endure. Your purpose is to go into the gym as an informed, intelligent, rational human being and perform only the precise amount of exercise needed to stimulate growth." (Mike Mentzer). 
 
Throughout a lifetime of trial and effort I know which moves suit me best. My years of squats well behind me, having achieved my goal of 400 pounds, then my chiropractor showed me the damage they were doing to my upper back, I switched to leg presses (like Heavy Duty champ Dorian Yates) and haven't looked back. My legs are bigger and shapelier, and I no longer suffer back issues. I many "only" HIT my quads ever 2 weeks, but recently added 1/4" in 2 weeks. Being such a large muscle group it stands to reason sufficient recuperation is required. Consider this . . . Ray Mentzer, with his superhuman strength, "only" squatted every 3 weeks! 

Calves are a lifetime obsession of mine . . . so much so that through my twenties I swore I'd eventually get calf implants! Shorts were a no-go until my late 20's, ashamed by my "sticks." But seeing how fake Lou Ferrigno's implants looked up close and personal I changed my mindset and continued to apply myself to Mike's Heavy Duty teachings. Using simplicity as my guide, I've managed to get my once puny broom handles up to decent proportions (17-1/2"). Big calves don't run in my family but through Heavy Duty I've built calves I don't have to hide under baggy pants. 

Dips do a tremendous job on my chest and triceps, a staple of the Mentzer brothers. Despite mainstream dogma, bench press never sat well with me. Dips better suit how the chest functions, they are my sole chest exercise. Back has always been my strength, having been a teen obsession, but I recently improved it through cable rows (EMG studies proved it to best stimulate the lats). I can't seem to choose the right weight, my progress is that continual. 

As Mike rightly noted, "If you want to get bigger, you've got to get stronger."When all is said and done, progress is all any of us can expect from our workouts, and without it you might as well forget about achieving your full potential.

Arms were never a strong point of mine. Like my calves they were a mere 10" when I first started training. But through using the most basic exercises, and adhering to Heavy Duty tenants, I have managed to build decent arms (17-1/2"). Simplicity, as always, was the answer . . . not complexity as the mainstream would have us believe. Arms are HIT in every move, even leg exercises, so "THE IDEA IS NOT MORE IS BETTER, OR LESS IS BETTER, BUT T HAT PRECISE IS BEST. PRECISION IS THE KEY." (Mike Mentzer).

Mike knew, "You can train hard of you can train long, you just can't do both. And it just so happens that it takes hard training to build big muscles." This has always been the focus of my workouts. A good example is that of an advanced trainee contacting me to ask how he could achieve 20" arms. He and his training partner were stuck, 1/2" away from their goals, unsure how to proceed. I suggested 1/4 dips, a compound move ensuring heavy weights. He wrote back a month later thanking me, saying they both achieved 20" arms. If more was done to boost progress, instead of squabbling on forums over every small nuance under the sun, I am sure the rate of muscle worldwide would explode overnight!  

After a lifetime of Heavy Duty, I continue to hone and improve my workouts. My dedication to simplicity allows continual progress 40 years on. My current workouts take mere minutes BUT it takes me physically and psychologically to my absolute limits! 

The basis of Heavy Duty, which Mike spent his life promoting, is precision. Ignore the naysayers who spout "Heavy Duty doesn't work." It takes courage to push yourself to the limits of your pain zone. Mike knew it triggered the best growth, and I am firmly convinced four decades later. 

"A good teacher must know the rules; a good pupil, the exceptions."
 -- Martin H. Fischer
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting! 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Strength Building Exercises - Harry Paschall

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 The Author, Harry Paschall

 Harry Paschall at the Lambiek Comiclopedia:
 
 
Now then . . .
 
Dead Lift From Blocks 
 
The dead lift from blocks is a slight modification of the well known standard back exercise. By using blocks 6 or 8 inches high, with international 18 inch plates on the bar (if your plates are of smaller diameter, increase the height of the blocks), the rather dangerous "stretch" period when the back must be bent is eliminated, and the exercises can use considerably more weight with safety. The bar should cross the legs just below the knees. 
 

 
 
Performance: Place feet 6-10" apart, stand erect, but "loose." Do not approach the bar in a tense position. Lean down with very little forward bend, so that lifting is done with the legs instead of the back. Grip bar with one palm forward and the other back, to facilitate grip. The best dead lifters - pardon? - use a hook with the overgrip, but you may find this rather hard on the thumbs, since they must be pinched inside the fingers. Start the upward movement easily and add power and speed as you come erect. Lean well back at finish. Breathe in deeply just before pulling on the weight, and breath out as you lower it. Repeat not over 5 times for strength building. The strongest men will be capable of 700 to 800 pounds in this exercise. William Boone does it with 900 pounds. Personally, we found 500 pounds is sufficient because of the grip. It will build tremendous finger strength as well as the back. 
 
 
Overhead Squat
 
The squat with bar held overhead in the Snatch position is one of the very finest exercises for the back, legs and waist region, as well as promoting bodily poise and coordination. Pete George, the sensational middleweight lifter, uses this exercise and unquestionably it has had much to do with his power and balance while in the deep squat position. We like this movement because it affects the back muscles from a different direction to the Dead Lift, and because its long range of movement makes it a marvelous conditioning and shaping exercise as well as a strength builder.
 
 
 
Aaron Horschig's Squat University:
 
Performance: To start, flip barbell of moderate weight up into the snatch position, and then squat all the way down. It helps to wear solid shoes with 2-inch heels, or to place your heels on a block of similar height. As soon as you firmly hit "bottom," rise immediately to the erect position. Breathe in at top, breathe out as you almost reach the top coming up. Take another full breath and repeat. For strength building 5 repetitions are always sufficient, and less when using heavy weights. It is well to have two catchers ready to take the bell from you in case of losing your balance. Several men have reached 300 pounds in this exercise. It is pretty severe, however, and we feel that anyone who can do reps with over 100 pounds is starting to develop power.
 
 
Heavy Overhead Supports
 
Lifting and supporting of a very heavy barbell overhead is one of the very best methods of building bodily power. The bar must be securely lashed to overhead beams, or otherwise supported so there is no danger of falling. Anyone desiring to become a much stronger weightlifter will find this the key to becoming able to handle heavy weights overhead. It strengthens the whole body.
 
 
 
 
Performance: The bar should be suspended at various heights. Assume the split position under it with arms locked and braced; then arise to erect position, just as if you were completing a heavy jerk. Stand erect for several seconds, holding the weight free from its suspension in the regular Jerk finishing position, feet in line. Lower and repeat. Breathe in just before lifting movement, and breathe out with weight overhead, breathe in shallowly again and lower. Weights as heavy as 800 pounds have been used in this exercise by John Grimek. We were agreeably surprised when we first tried to see how light 300 pounds became. Any strong man will find weight from 300 to 500 pounds possible in this exercise.
 
 
Press Out
 
This is a variation of the supporting exercise previous, and it is designed to promote power in back, shoulders and arms. A considerably higher weight must be used, since this is simply a limited press-out motion, and sheer push and power are necessary.
 

 
Performance: Use a weight slightly higher than your best press poundage, and have the weight suspended at about the height of the head. Now brace yourself firmly under the weight with shoulders back, the lower back and buttocks flexed, legs straight (your regular pressing position). Breathe in deeply, then push the weight to the finish position at full arms' length. Breathe out as you lower, and repeat. A 150-pound presser will find 200 pounds possible in this position. Weights from 300 to 400 pounds are possible for the very strong. 
 
 
1/4 Front Squat
 
This is another heavy movement, with a suspended bar, or with one on a squat rack. The idea is to build explosive power and energy in the back and thighs. This, too, is a favorite movement of the York lifters, and has added drive to their heavy jerks.
 

 
Performance: Bar should be on rack, or suspended so that it must be lifted about 6 to 8 inches to be pulled in at the shoulders in the regular "clean" position. It is best to hold the weight on the deltoids with elbows up. Get it firmly set, breathe in, lower by bending the knees abut 6 to 8 inches (quarter squat) and drive strongly upward to erect position. Breathe out at the top, take another breath and repeat. You should use a weight considerably higher than your best jerk. The York boys often use 500 pounds and more in this exercise.
 
 
Shoulder Shrug
 
Well, well, well! Is that Joe Hise doing all that puffing? Boys and gals, here is that much discussed (Hise) Shoulder Shrug devised by the Old Maestro to take the pain out of bodybuilding squats. We commend this exercise as a wonderful power builder.
 
 
 Fred Howell
 
Much more on this, here: 
 
 
Performance; Take the bar from a rack (or suspension) several inches below shoulder level. A very heavy weight may be employed and progression is fast. Get your whole body firmly placed, feet apart and in line, legs braced, back strongly erect and lift weight from supports. Now breathe in strongly and attempt to lift weight up and back by shrugging the trapezius muscles. Breathe out as the weight lowers (it only rises an inch or two) then breathe in and repeat. As a bodybuilding exercise, some 20 reps are used with 3 to 5 puffing high (costal) breaths between motions. As a straight power builder, one breath is sufficient, and 5 reps with very heavy weights recommended. You will find it possible to go up to 600 or 700 pounds in this exercise, and for the very strong, half a ton is well within the realm of possibility. 
 
 
Clean, No Foot Movement
 
The regular "clean" movement, without moving the feet, is a very popular exercise in the York gym. (Steve) Stanko . . .
 
 
 
. . . became able to do 375 pounds in this way, and that it contributed greatly to his tremendous power is obvious.
 
Remembering Bob Hoffman - by Terry Todd:
 
Performance: Use a barbell around your limit press poundage. Stand erect and "loose" with feet firmly placed in your usual cleaning stance. Stoop with back as straight as possible, grip bar and pull strongly in to the shoulders, without moving the feet. Breathe in prior to pulling upon the weight, and breathe out at the top after weight is received at the shoulders. Lower and repeat. 
 
 
Heavy Squat
 
One of the key strength building exercises has been for years the famous Squat or Deep Knee Bend. This very vigorous leg and back exercise has no equal as a bodybuilder or as a strength builder. Everyone should do it. It has been described so often that we need very little elaboration here.
 
Performance: Take weight from racks (you cannot clean enough weight to tax your leg and back strength), place feet firmly from 8 to 14 inches apart, breathe in deeply (in top of chest) and descend to full squat position on full lungs. When your thigh biceps hits the calf, bounce strongly upward and come erect. Breathe out at top, take another deep breath and repeat. After several squats you may find it necessary to take several panting breaths at the top between lifts and this is recommended for chest building and body growth. For our strength-building purpose one breath and 3 to 5 reps will be sufficient. Body-builders should do 15-20 reps. Any strong man should be able to do this with 300 pounds. The best authentic record we know of a full squat is that of Henry Steinborn 
 

 
back in the 1920's who did several reps with 550 pounds. 
 
 
Bouncing Split
 
If you pride yourself on your springy legs and your athletic ability, this "bouncing split" movement should bring out the best that is in you! It is made to order to assist the split lifter to attain needed leg spring and strength for snatches and cleans.
 
Performance: Place light bar on shoulders, using a pad to protect the back of the neck. Grip the bar strongly and pull down to fix the bar so it will not bounce. Now split forward strongly and speedily with the right leg, going down into the deep split position until the knee of the left leg touches the floor. Now BOUNCEup and immediately reverse the leg action, placing the left foot forward and go down until right knee touches. The best performance we know on this novel exercise is that of Fraysher Ferguson
 
 
 
co-director of the Apollo Health Studio in Columbus, Ohio. He is a very good all-around athlete, and very fast in action. He does 20 reps with 150 pounds, completing them in 20 seconds (10 reps each leg). 
 
 
Dumbbell Press
 
From the famous Austrian Beergarten Weight-lifters we have borrowed this dumbbell power-builder for the shoulders and arms. It builds pushing strength in a way no barbell exercise seems to reach.  
 

Reg Park Gets Intense with a Pair of Heavies


Performance: Take two dumbbells, pull them in to the shoulders. Now let shoulders back slightly, keep back straight and firm, lock legs and buttocks, and push the bells together overhead. Breathe in as you raise the weights, out as you lower them. This movement may be varied by raising one bell at a time with alternate arms. If you have difficulty in cleaning two dumbbells to shoulders it may help to load the bells 5-10 pounds heavier to the back, as is done in the one arm dumbbell swing. On alternate presses we recommend that the elbows be wide, and pulled back as far as possible. When you can do this movement with a pair of 75 pound bells you are getting strong. A pair of 100's means super strength -- and 125's puts you up with the world champions. 


Handstand Pushups 

Handstand pushups have been employed by many, many champions to improve their press, their arm and shoulder strength and their muscular coordination. If you cannot balance -- stand about 18 inches from a wall, and let your feet rest lightly against the wall. Use two chairs or boxes so that the body may be lowered between them for a full movement. A pair of low parallel bars are handy for this. Do several sets of as many as you can. 
 
 
 
 Ryan Hurst's Handstand Pushup Progression:

Do several sets of as many as you can. If you can do 10 of these you are strong. 20 reps is super-strength. You can make it even tougher by attaching plates to your belt. 


Upright Row
 
This is one of the best combined arm, deltoid and trapezius exercises. Stand erect, grasping bar with overgrip with hands close together in center of the bar, differing widths used for variation. The arms are at full hang to start. Now pull the bar upward, close to the body, until it touches the chin. Breathe in as the bar is raised, exhale as bar is lowered.

 
 
 



 
 
As a gauge to relative strength, anything over 100 pounds in this movement is a better than average performance. 150 pounds means that you are very strong. Over 175 puts you in the superman class. We have seen a couple of of our star strength athletes use 200 pounds.   
 
 
Bouncing Pullover
 
The bouncing (rebound) pullover is a fine chest, shoulder and arm developer -- but its chief purpose is to lift the chest while breathing in rhythm with the movement. Lie on a low bench or on a 6-inch box placed under the upper back. The movement can be done with a swingbell as well as a barbell, and consists of a half-circle. Starting with the bar resting on upper thighs, you carry it back over the head until it hits and bounces from either the floor or boxes behind head; then repeat. 


 It's tough to round up vintage pics of the rebounding style. 
Ya mean them pics online weren't just always there?
 
 
 
Breathe in as the bar goes back; out as you bounce it forward. Another breathing method is to breathe in until the arms reach the over-chest position, and out as it is returned to the thighs. For strength work, this exercise should be done with the arms bent. A better than average performance with straight arms is 75 pounds. A good strong man can handle 100 pounds, and a few supermen can do 125 pounds. With bent arms the sky is the limit. Some of the best men do over 200 pounds. 
 
 
Swingbell Curl
 
This exercise is a great favorite of Steve Stanko and has had a great dealto do in developing his 19-inch biceps. You sit on a box of stool rather lower than an ordinary chair; bend forward at the waist, grasp swingbar with underhand grip with arms fully extended between thighs. Curl the weight up until it reaches the chin, then return bar to full extension of arms between thighs. 
 
 
 
     
The use of the swingbell is imperative in this case, because it is necessary to have hands close together to get the desired "cramp" effect and also to permit weight to go down between the thighs. The last inch or two of upward rise is very important, for it is in this position that you can feel the complete intense contraction of the biceps. And the lockout of the triceps on the downward motion also permits "cramping" these muscles too, making this exercise one of the very best muscle-moulding exercises for the whole arm. The amount of weight handled in this exercise is not important, except that you will find it best to use one light enough to perform 3 series of at least 10 repetitions.   


Dumbbell Side Bend

The side bend with a dumbbell in one hand develops the external oblique muscles at the side of the waist and also has a good effect upon the back as well. By using a fairly heavy dumbbell, you can build great strength here. Some men have used more than 100 pounds in this exercise. It is a good conditioner as well as a strength-builder.   
 
 
Press From Behind Neck While Squatting

One of Bob Hoffman's favorite conditioning exercises, this is a movement we can recommend as being much tougher than you would suppose. Place bar behind neck, then as you bend the knees to go into the deep squat position you press the barbell overhead at the same time. As you come erect you lower bar back to starting position behind neck. Not a Sotts Press. The pull on the lower back is vigorous, and the exercise demands perfect muscular coordination. If you can do this 10 times with 100 pounds, you are a pretty good man. If you can do it with 150 you are terrific.
 
 
Good Morning
 
A very vigorous lower back exercise. Taking bar on shoulders you bend forward as far as possible. You may also bend in a twisting movement to each side. This one is rather painful in the neck so a pad is desirable. This is a favorite movement of many top level lifters and some incredible weights have been handled (straight legged, very deep), from 200 to nearly 300 pounds. If you can do it with 100 pounds you are okay in my book.
 




Leg Press

The leg press is a very good exercise for building strength in thighs and calves, as well as affecting the loins and lower back. A great deal of weight may be handled this way. 


Stiff-Legged Deadlift-Shrug-Lat Lockout

This is one of my favorite conditioning exercise which also possesses wonderful muscle-moulding possibilities for the entire back region, including the trapezius. You bend forward and pick up bar with and pick up bar with overgrip, just as if you were going to perform a stiff-legged deadlift; as you come erect, shrug the trapezius muscles high, then leaning back slightly, you rotate the shoulders and transfer pressure from the shoulders to the latissimus muscles of the back. At this point, by practice, you will be able to achieve a latissimus "lock" -- spreading the shoulder blades and widening the back to its utmost. While keeping these muscles spread, you bend forward to lower bell almost to floor (with stiff legs) while maintaining the "pull" on the back muscles all the way. A weight approximately bodyweight is good in this movement -- but you should start much lighter. Remember, the "feel" is all important in muscle-moulding movements. 

Next: Some Power Building Schedules.

Enjoy Your Lifting!


 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Strength Building Schedules - Harry Paschall

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Continued From Here:


We are now arrived at the point where we must lay aside our pens and take up the barbell. This is the point in physical training when pure theory must be replaced by practical advice. And we are now in a better position to sympathize with those former professors of ours who warned us in our schooldays that there was a slight difference between theory and practice

In approaching the problem of a strength-building schedule we must realize that each individual will require individual handling, and it is impossible to lump all trainees into one classification and prescribe a perfect, foolproof course of instruction that will work in exactly the same manner for everyone. You, therefore, will have to make your own adjustments in the schedules we are about to give you.

Let us begin by recapitulating our aims. 
 
First, our principal object is to build strength.  

Second, realizing that strength and physical fitness must go hand in hand, we are also concerned in giving you a routine that will improve your organic physical condition and promote stamina. 

Third, believing a strong man should look strong, we should like to include in our training sufficient shape building exercises to ensure a well muscled, shapely body.

This leads us to consideration of the various exercises by classification, and perhaps we may clarify our future choice of exercises in our schedules by arranging these various movements under three general headings:
 
Shaping exercises
Conditioning exercises
Strength-building exercises. 
 
 
1) Shaping Exercises
 
Curls
Pullovers
Leg Raises 
Side Bends
Situps 
 
2) Conditioning Exercises
 
Squats (high repetitions)
Bouncing Split
Stiff-legged Deadlift and Shrug
Squat While Pressing Behind Neck
Squat with Weight Held Overhead
 
3) Strength-Building Exercises
 
All Supporting Lifts
Shoulder Shrug
Dead Lift
Leg Press
Heavy Squats
Pullups
Cleans (pull-in to shoulders)
Handstand Pushups
Dumbbell Presses
 
In concocting our various schedules we have tried to apportion these various exercises so that in each routine we have at least one conditioning exercise, two or three shaping movements and five or six strength-builders.
 
Having now cautioned you in the official manner that all I am about to say may be used against me, let us blithely leap in where angles fear to tread.
 
 
Schedule No. 1
 
This is arranged to suit a pupil who can do one Press with 125 pounds, one Squat with 200 pounds, and one Dead Lift with 350.
 
Warmup - 
5 or 6 fast Pull-Up-and-Press, or Flip Snatches, without moving feet. 
 
1) Stiff-legged Dead Lift and Shrug - 
125 pounds x 10 repetitions. 
 
2) Squat - 
150x5, 160x4, 170x3, 180x2, 190x1, 180x2, 170x3, 160x4, 150x5.
 
3) Pullover - 
40 x 15.
 
4) Support Exercise - Barbell hangs from ceiling suspended on cable (or in rack) at about shoulder height. Get under in split position and raise the weight to full arms' length above head with legs straight, arms should be locked to start.
 
200x5, 210x4, 220x3, 230x2, 240x1.
 
5) Side Bend - 
 40 x 10 (each side)
 
6) Pull-up Cleans, without moving feet - 
120x5, 130x4, 140x3, 150x2, 160x1, 150x2, 140x3, 130x4, 120x5.
 
7) Leg Raise - 20 reps.
 
8) Overhead Squat - 
50x5, 60x4, 70x3, 80x2, 90x1, 80x2, 70x3, 60x4, 50x5.
 
9) Alternate Dumbbell (seesaw) Press - 
Pair of 30's x 5, 35x4, 40x3, 50x1, 45x2, 40x3, 35x4, 30x5.
 
10) Swingbell Curl, seated - 
3 x 10 reps. 
 
This schedule is intended for three workouts per week, with a day of rest between each exercise day. The technique might be called the "work up and down" method. 
 
Weight Progression: Add 5 pounds to weight of barbell, 2.5 pounds to dumbbells each week, except in the case of Exercise 4, where 10 pounds may be added. Continue this schedule for six weeks, then rest one week (complete rest from all weight training), then proceed to Schedule 2.
 
 
Schedule No. 2
 
In undertaking Schedule No. 2, after the week of complete rest from lifting, we go back somewhat in amount of weight handled, in order to get a "running start." The technique, too, is changed to that of the "Heavy and Light" method.
 
Warmup - Pull-Up-and-Press or Flip Snatch - 
75 pounds x 5-6.

1) Overhead Squat - 
75 x 10.

2) Deadlift on Blocks - 
350x3, 325x5, 300x5 x 3 sets.

3) Side Bend - 
50x10.

4) Support - 
same as No.4, Schedule 1 - 
250x3, 225x3, 200x5 x 3 sets. 

5) Leg Raise - 
x 20.

6) Pullup (high pull) to Chin - 
100x3, 90x5, 80x5 x 3 sets. 
 
7) Shoulder Shrug from Supports - 
350x3, 325x5, 300x5 x 3 sets.
 
8) Bent Arm Pullover - 
80x3, 70x5, 60x5 x 3 sets.

9) Handstand Pushup - 
3 x as many reps as possible.

10) Swingbar Seated Curl - 
70x3, 60x5, 50x5 x 3 sets.

Same progression as in Schedule 1. Add 5 lbs. to barbell each week, 2.5 to swingbell, 10 pounds to barbell in Ex. 4 and 7. Train for six weeks, then rest one week as before. 


Schedule 3 typifies another exercise technique, employing the set or series system. Here, too, we go back slightly after our week of rest from lifting in order to gather momentum.


Schedule No. 3

Warmup - Pull-Up-and-Press or Flip Snatch - 
85 pounds x 5-6.
 
1) Bouncing Split - 
80 pounds x 10 each leg.
 
2) Support - Hold bar in front shoulders as for Jerk, and make short, bouncy 1/4 squat movements.
250x1. Repeat with rest interval 8 to 12 times.
 
3) Side Bend - 
50x10 each side.
 
4) Squat - Full, heavy single deep knee bend - 
225x1. Repeat with rest interval 8-12 times.
 
5) Pullover - 
50x15.
 
6) High Pull to Chin - 
110x1. Repeat 8-12 times.

7) Leg Raise - 
x 20.

8) Dumbbell Press - 
70's x 1. Repeat 8-12 times.

9) Curl, barbell - 
110 x 1. Repeat 8-12 times.
 
 
If you follow thus far, you have been training for 27 weeks, or more than half a year, and you should notice a marked increase in power. You have also found out a few things about your own body. Perhaps you found there were too many exercises, and that you had to cut down on repetitions. Perhaps, too, you found that the method employed in a certain schedule better fitted your particular needs, i.e., you may be better geared to the Heavy and Light system than to the work-up-and-work-down method, or perhaps the series or set system fits you better than the single rep - rest pause method. 
 
As you go into higher and higher poundages you will also find that you may need more rest between workouts, and that twice a week workouts are preferable. Also, at the higher levels, you will need to cut down the number of exercises, which you can do with safety after you have built up a certain reserve of strength, shape and fitness.

For those who seek great strength, yet are unable to construct supporting equipment for the heavy power-building exercises such as the split support over head, the leg press, etc., we suggest that you use ordinary squat racks, or have the weight handed to you by two fellow trainees, and instead of supporting the weight overhead, hold it either in front or behind the the neck on the shoulders. However, we are convinced that for the ultimate in power some such supporting apparatus as we have indicated is a vital necessity. 
 
Experiments in Strength Building, by Harry Paschall (1951):
 


Enjoy Your Lifting!


 
 


 
                           
 
 
 
 
 
   
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Two Hands Anyhow Lift - Tony Rose (1992)

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 Originally Published in Hardgainer #18 (May 1992)

Hardgainer 2.0 is out now - 

"One Arm Lifts for Muscularity" here:

 
 "The One-Hand Deadlift" by Tony Rose:
 
 


 Illustration Courtesy of Oldtime Strongman


If the bent press is the "King of Lifts" as many old-time strongmen and physical culturists thought, then how did these experts rate the Two Hands Anyhow? 
 
Well, to quote one, Tom Inch, at one time Britain's strongest man, world record holder and physical culture expert, "It is the hardest and most gruelling lift you can possibly indulge in." 
 
 
Those were his written words to me back in the early 1940s. Tom himself could hoist up over 275 pounds using dumbbells. His world record with barbell and ringweight was 356.5 pounds using dumbbells. At that time his weight was 210 at a height of 5'10". He could, of course, bent press over 300 pounds.
 
 

 Inch performing a 276 pound Two Dumbbell Anyhow Lift.
W.A. Pullum referee.
 
 
"Thomas Inch on Strength" - here:
 
Another of Inch's feats was to pull out a 30-strand cable set (expander), holding a 56-pound weight in each little finger, plus a 168-pound man hanging on each arm. Like that other bent press enthusiast, Bob Hoffman, he was much in favor of using cables and did so to a very advanced age.
 
There are two types of lift known as the Two Hands Anyhow. First, with barbell and ringweight (or dumbbell) and second, with two dumbbells.
 
Before we start getting into the performance of this lift, let me tell you a little more of what some of the old-timers lifted. Kurt Saxon, of the Saxon Trio, was very good at this lift and recorded a two hands anyhow lift of 387 pounds with barbell and ringweight.
 
William A. (Bill) Pullum in his early days (1914) was outstanding in the two hands anyhow. At a bodyweight of under 126 pounds, Pullum could lift 258 pounds with barbell and kettlebell. The barbell was four pounds short of 200 pounds and the lighter bell was 62 pounds. He cleaned the barbell with two hands, transferred it to one hand, then bent down and swung in the lighter bell. Bear in mind, however, that this man could one hand swing a weight 6-8 pounds over his bodyweight, so the lighter bell was never a problem. In 1915 he created the world record two hands anyhow of 272 pounds at 122 pounds bodyweight. In the two hands anyhow with dumbbells, Pullum's 1915 record was 244 pounds.
 
Tom Inch always advised a slow, steady and controlled performance of this lift. In his postal instructions he was very helpful. Even in his later years he always encouraged young lifters keen on the vintage lifts.
 
Here's some great film footage of Thomas Inch demonstrating a Two Dumbbell Two Hands Anyhow in his later years. It's a wild lift! Check out the knee kick to assist in bringing up the lighter bell
 
 
The best way to learn the two hands anyhow is to teach yourself how to change over to one hand a heavy weight you've raised above your head with a two hands clean and jerk. Make sure the center of the bar is marked. It may take a couple of hand moves to do. Never, ever, take your eye off the weight. I recommend a great deal of practice on this exercise.
 
With the two hands anyhow with barbell and ring weight, I found the easiest way for me was to clean and jerk the barbell, change it over to one hand once it was over my head, then, putting a slight forward hang to the barbell, slide my hand down to my thigh and pick up and press the lighter weight.
 
Often, if I wished to bent press the bell overhead, I got it to my shoulder by standing the bell on end, having first marked the exact center of the bar with tape. Then, I would half squat with a straight back and grip the bar in the center with my left hand. With my right I would grasp the lower inside collar. Next, I would bend my neck against the bar, just above my left knuckle, and using the neck and right arm I would rock the bell onto my shoulder, thereafter bent pressing. I then picked up the lighter weight with a curl or a swing, steadying that at my shoulder, and then pressing it to complete the lift.
 
Take a leaf out of Saxon's book and never rush this lift. When the heavier weight is at your shoulder, get your breathing under control and proceed slowly and with great care. Always have catchers to assist you when performing this lift. 
 
Endurance, balance and NERVE play a part, as well as great strength. Regular practice of this lift will build you enormous strength in the abdominal obliques and erector spinae. Plus, of course, tremendous deltoid power and development. 
 
This is certainly not a lift for the wasp-waisted, flat-chested lat spreaders, though it's what they need. How do you think Sandow would have looked without those superb obliques and etched abdominals? Those old-time strongmen didn't spend hours and hours doing situps on a Roman chair or twists with a broomstick. They lifted heavier and heavier weights at every opportunity. After all, it was their living. All the time they were being challenged by the strongest men in the towns visited by their shows.
 
These strongmen I talk of had enormous gripping power. Inch was so strong in the grip department he held the world record on the rectangular fix. This is really a (reverse) half curl to a right angle with an overhand grip, done slowly with no jerking or swaying of the body, then held for two seconds. He lifted 144 pounds and even defeated Arthur Saxon in this lift. 
 
"Train Your Grip" by Thomas Inch, here:
 
A little suggestion from the Hardgainer point of view: Measure your waist before indulging in bent pressing and two hands anyhow lifting. Note the fat deposits. Measure again in three months. Your waist will be perhaps an inch and a half bigger, but the fat will have been cut down. You will have a strong muscular corset and lower back, and your bodyweight will have gone up. You will both look and feel amazingly powerful.
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!    
 


 
 
 
 
 
  
 
     

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Arms, Arms, Arms and the Exercise Bench - Charles A. Smith (1951)

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Park, Ross, Eder.

Thank You, L.T.!


Note: This was part of a continuing series of Mr. Smith's on bodybuilding uses of the Exercise Bench. He also focused on the use of Super Sets here as well. The adjustable benches on the market back then were, well, let's just say not like now.

 
 
Freddy Ortiz
 
 
 
Albert Beckles
 
 

 

We would like to prove to you, just what we can accomplish with Super Sets. We want to show You just what kind of results can be produced. We make no claims that we can put an inch on your arms in a day. We realize you have jobs, social duties which have to be considered at least as fully as your weight training programs, that you have a set time for school and/or work, and a set time for your workouts. But we do promise you that you'll increase the measurement of your arms in two to three months if you follow our instructions, and we do promise you that what gains you make will be lasting gains.

The desire to make fast progress is just as strong in the man who has been training for years as it is in the beginner. The more he gains in bulk, muscularity and strength, and the faster these advances come, the greater and more prolonged is his training enthusiasm, and the more he is inspired to work even harder than before. These are the physique qualities, apart from health factors, that every bodybuilder demands, and when he doesn't get them he wants to know why . . . what he must do . . . where he has gone wrong . . . how others have made gains when he can't. 
 
There are, of course, a thousand and one minor reasons why he fails to make progress, but only three or four main reasons. Diet enters into the picture, so do daily habits of Life [if ever a word warranted capitalization, eh], as well as rest and relaxation. 

But it is my personal opinion that the chief cause is LACK OF INTEREST. In other words, sticking to a set routine, which at first may produce some initial results, but rapidly becomes dull and boring. It is well known in industry that the moment a man loses interest in any task, he will work less and less efficiently, and produce material which gradually increases in poor qualities. But any task a man enjoys, he'll work at with enthusiasm and manufacture good quality material. 
 
The same rule applies in bodybuilding. 
 
Exercises can provide the necessary interest, and help maintain enthusiasm with the results they bring, but these results depend in the main on the type of training methods employed, and the type of apparatus, apart from the actual weights, which are used. 
 
Take the training methods used. The Set System [performing multiple sets of a single exercise consecutively, as opposed to doing one set of an exercise and moving on to another single set of another exercise] concentrates the effort, enabling the bodybuilder to work twice as hard and obtain results twice as quickly as with the old system of one exercise for each body part. 
 
Here's an interesting article by Clarence Ross that explains the predominant non-Set System method used in the past very clearly: 
 
The Flushing Method steps up results even further, particularly in a specialization routine when each body part, say for instance the triceps, must be thoroughly flushed and pumped up. 
 
But the Super Set method carries the flushing method a step further. 
 
As you all know each muscle has another opposing it, called an "antagonist" muscle.  


 
   
The Super Set employs the method of working both, thus doubling the effects sought. 

Now, in this program for the arms, you are going to exercise both the the biceps muscle and its opposing muscle, the triceps. By working one after the other with the minimum of rest in between sets, additional blood is brought to the area, supplying more muscle cell building material, resulting in a more pumped up, fuller feeling through a complete and thorough workout of the entire upper arm. Thus not only is the biceps enlarged, but the triceps too, with faster recovery from exercise efforts.
 
Now we come to another important factor in successful bodybuilding . . . the choice of apparatus. You are well aware that outstanding strength, proportionate development and muscularity can only be built with barbells and dumbbells. But how can these be employed to the best possible advantage? The answer to this is . . . By performing your upper arm movements on the adjustable exercise bench, a bench designed specifically for your purposes. 
 
Why should you do this? Because you will be eliminating all unnecessary body motion, concentrating every effort in the area you are striving to bring to superbly developed form . . . the upper arms. 
 
In standing barbell and dumbbell motions, other muscle groups are brought into play through efforts to maintain balance and position; there is a tendency to depart from correct exercise form. While a looser exercise style is good for general gains, specialization demands a localized muscle effect, and this is provided by performing movements on an exercise bench, so that your entire mental concentration and physical effort can be devoted to the task of building larger and stronger arms.
 
Here is how the Super Set method works. Read through the list of exercises to below. Notice that first a biceps movement is performed, then a triceps exercise; also, these are alternated between flat and incline bench movements. You will have no trouble following the program just as it is laid out for you. Just keep to the exercises listed, the first week performing one set of each movement; the second week two sets, and the third week three sets. But always alternate the exercises, first a biceps movement and then a triceps exercise, then back to the biceps, then the triceps, a short rest and another biceps, then a triceps exercise.  
 
This means that the first week, along with a normal "three times a week" workout, you will perform eight sets in all, one for each exercise. The second week you will use 16 sets, two for each exercise. The third week, 24 sets, three for each exercise. Place this arm specialization routine FIRST in your workout program, then follow through with the rest of your workout after. Another plan is to devote one day to the arms, and the next day to the rest of your physique.   


FLAT BENCH, SUPER SET #1.

Exercise 1 - Bench End Curls. 
 


Lie on your tummy along the bench so you can place your arms over the end and keep the upper arms tight against it. Hold a Weider Multi-Muscle Bar (EZ) in your hands, fairly narrow grip, and curl the bar up as high as you can; lower it steadily and repeat. Don't move the upper arms.    

Exercise #2 - Supine French Press. 

 
Immediately after your curls take a brief rest to allow your breathing to return to normal, then lie on your back along the bench with a barbell held at arms' length, fairly narrow grip, above your chest. The same grip must be used as in the curl, so that the palms of your hands are facing your head. Keeping the upper arms still, elbows pointing up during the exercise, lower the barbell down steadily by bending the arms at the elbows, until the bar is an inch or two above the head. Return to commencing position and repeat. Don't move those upper arms.
 
 
INCLINE BENCH, SUPER SET #2
 
Exercise 3 - Incline Dumbbell Curls
 

 
Set your bench to an incline, then sit on the bench and rest your back against the inclined position (you in the photo, pay attention!) while holding a dumbbell in each hand. Keep the palms of your hands facing to the front at the start of the exercise. Curl the dumbbells steadily up to the shoulders, lower steadily and repeat. Don't let your body come off the incline and DO keep those palms facing front throughout.     

Exercise 4 - Dumbbell French Press
 


When your breathing comes back to normal again, take up the same position as in the previous exercise, but with the dumbbells held at arms' length above the head. Note their position and that of the hands, the palms of which are facing IN. From here, lower the bells down by bending the arms at the elbows, until your forearms are in a level position. Return to commencing position and repeat. DON'T move your upper arms. Keep them still with the elbows pointing straight up.
 
 
FLAT BENCH, SUPER SET #3
 
Exercise 5 - Seated Half Curl
 
 
 
Sit on the end of a bench with a barbell held in your hands, regular curl grip, and resting across the upper thighs. Keeping the body upright, curl the bar up to the shoulders, lower steadily to commencing position and repeat. Don't allow the body to sway back. Your training partner can place his knee in your upper back for support. 

Exercise 6 - Seated Press Behind Neck

 
 Clean a barbell across your neck and sit down across the exercise bench. Again, your partner can keep your steady by placing his knee in your upper back. Using a shoulder width grip, press the bar to arms' length, lower steadily to commencing position and repeat. Apart from a good triceps workout, your deltoids will get plenty of work too.


INCLINE BENCH SUPER SET #4

Exercise 7 - Lat Machine Curls

 
 Set your bench to an incline and place it in front of a lat machine. Grasp the bar with palms of the hands turned up, then sit down on the bench with back placed against the incline. At this stage the arms are outstretched in front of you, grasping the lat machine bar. Keeping the upper arms still, curl the bar towards you until the knuckles touch the upper chest, then return to commencing position and repeat. Don't forget to keep those upper arms still. 
 
Exercise 8 - Narrow Grip Press
 
 
Sit on the exercise bench, your back against the incline, and get your training partners to hand you a barbell. Using a grip a little less than shoulder width, press the weight to arms' length overhead, lower and repeat. Your elbows should point OUT TO THE SIDES. In this way the triceps will get the major portion of the work. The upper section of the pecs and the lateral deltoids will also be influenced.

This completes your super set, exercise bench arm routine. Use your regular combination of sets and reps. I will not attempt to give you any system of sets and repetitions here. All the top bodybuilders have personal preferences since the question of high or low reps and sets is an individual one. Len Peters keeps to 5 sets of 5 reps. Joe Weider uses 4-5 sets of 9 reps. Barton Horvath prefers 3 x 10 reps, while I like to start off with 3 x 7 and work up to 3 x 12 before increasing the exercise poundage. 
 
Rep and set combinations aren't so important. It is the exercises and the training principles applied that are. That old saying, "It ain't what you do . . . it's the way that you do it" is particularly applicable here.  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

 






























Take the Blame If You Want to Gain - Randall Strossen (1998)

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https://ironmind.com/product-info/media/books/ 



To build the body, utilize the mind.

 

What makes one person succeed, no matter what? 

Why do some people fold in the face of the slightest opposition?

Why do some people make excuses for everything that goes wrong, while others simply go about trying to make things right? 
 
What can you do to develop the ability to forge forward, through any and all  appear in your path? 
 
More times than I can remember, I've watched a world-class lifter, back to the wall, pull off a lift that nobody would have believed possible. Maybe the lifter missed his first two attempts and down to his last shot at staying in the contest, he makes the lift. I've even seen people in this situation ask for an increase and then make a good lift. We're talking big time contests here: world championships, the Olympics and the like. These people know how to dig deep, how to not only keep going in the face of adversity but also go a little harder when things get tough. Consider, for example, Olympic gold medalist in weightlifting Naim Suleymanoglu, who was doing snatches in the training hall at the Atlanta Olympics and before too long had the bar loaded to more than the world record . . . 
 
He missed it. 
He tried it again and missed again. 
He took it a third time and missed it yet again.
 
He took it an unbelievable fourth time and made the weight. 
 
A few days later, in one of the highlights of the '96 Olympics, Naim went lift-for-lift with arch rival Valerios Leonidas, held him off and won a historic third gold medal.
 
Or there was the time when a guy named Marin Shikov, at the end of his second tough workout of that day of heavy snatches and clean & jerks, worked up to a heavy single in the squat. The single was so heavy that he missed it, and, since he wasn't surrounded by an army of spotters or the security of a power rack, he dumped the bar on the lifting platform. Obviously, when you've gone through a tough leg and back workout and miss a limit squat, you call it a day. 
 
But nobody told Marin this. 
 
He stripped the bar down, power cleaned it, put it back on the racks, reloaded it, tried the squat again, and just as in his first attempt, when he couldn't stand up with the weight, he dumped it. Surely anyone with any sense would know that it was time to call it a day, but once again Marin must have been clueless because he stripped the bar down yet again, power cleaned it, put it in the racks, reloaded it and, voila, ground out a very tough, successful lift. 
 
You might not know Naim Suleymanoglu or Marin Shikov from Salvatore Ferragamo or care a about picking up an Olympic gold medal in weightlifting, but if you're serious about making progress in your training and your life as a whole, developing a bit of their drive can open the door to a lot of really good things. Let's take a look at one aspect of how THE WAY YOU THINK and act controls your ability to generate outstanding results. 
 
Once upon a time, if you were walking down a sidewalk, tripped and fell, you would quickly get up, brush yourself off and hope that you were spared the embarrassment of anybody's noticing what had happened. Now, when the same thing happens a lot of people look around for somebody to sue, someone to blame for their accident. They might try to claim that the sidewalk was poorly maintained, with anthills sprouting up here and there, or that there should have been signs warning pedestrians that walking is a potentially hazardous activity, or that, perhaps, the sidewalk contractor was insufficiently schooled in the chemistry of sidewalk composition and the physics of sidewalk design. We've come so far in our attempts to avoid personal responsibility that even if a dead-drunk driver goes several times the speed limit and has an accident that kills everyone in his car who wasn't wearing a seatbelt, there's a massive movement to blame the whole thing on a bunch of guys waving cameras in the distance. Examples in bodybuilding and lifting are no less ludicrous and, more important, no less likely to obscure the path to progress.
 
For instance, it's amazing how many people blame others for misleading them about everything from training routines to diet -- with straight faces they describe in exquisite detail how they were led astray, often for years at a crack, before they saw the light. Or they excuse their lack of progress by noting that they have this or that genetic deficiency that keeps them from becoming world champions -- ignoring the fact that five years into training they're still squatting with no more than a couple of plates. 
 
And let's not forget the drug line, either -- that everyone who outperforms them is on some drug, even though they themselves have not made a lot of progress in the past year and their own accomplishments would have been insignificant decades before anabolic steroids were ever invented. Excuses like these shift responsibility to external sources, psychologists explain. Let's see how this works, putting the whole thing into the context of helping your lifting move forward. 
 
When we look to external sources for explanations of our failures, it bolsters our self esteem. This, of course, is a good thing a lot of the time, but it can also lead to some very unproductive behavior. Consider, for example, the lifter who has made virtually no gains since starting to train. If the lifter lays the whole affair at the feet of an unproductive routine he was duped into following, he feels good about himself. After all, he was the innocent victim who was defrauded by a villain. Consider the challenge to his self-esteem if he says, instead:
 
1) "Maybe I didn't do such a good job at evaluating the training program in the first place," and
 
2) "Maybe I didn't really train as hard as I should/could have." 
 
This second approach, which gives what psychologists call an internal focus to your failures, is a little rough on your self-esteem, but it also creates a tremendous advantage: It provides the opportunity to do better in the future by taking direct responsibility for your progress. I know a general contractor who has little sympathy for anyone who is swindled on a building project. "It's their fault for not checking references before they started the project." It's a tough one to swallow if you prefer to play the victim's role, but it's hard to fault the logic of his stance: Take some responsibility for how things turn out.
 
The same thing applies in the world of weights. What sort of idiot follows lame advice for week after week, month after month, year after year, and then tries to pin the blame on anyone but himself? When you've been squatting with the same weight for so long that the plates are practically rusted in place on your bar, how can you blame anyone but yourself for your lack of gains? If you've missed more workouts than you can count in the last year, do you really have to look outside yourself for the causes of your failure? 
 
Foster the belief that your future, for better or for worse, lies largely within your control, and cultivate a belief that your ability to mold your destiny comes from your control of what you do RIGHT HERE AND NOW.
 
And remember that sometimes when things go wrong, if you take the blame, it will only help you gain.    
 
Note: If you have enjoyed this article be sure to pick up 
 
"IronMind: Stronger Minds, Stronger Bodies" and 
 
"Winning Ways: How to Succeed in the Gym and Out."  


Great cover photo of a supremely confident Lurich.
Walk through a brick wall and rip ya in half! 
COURTESY OF MICHAEL MURPHY.
 
 
 
Here's two authors I've been reading for the last several weeks . . . 
Thomas Sowell . . . and John McWhorter. 

Good Stuff with none of the bullshit.



Enjoy Your Lifting!
 
             

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gaining Weight With the Squat - Peary Rader (late 1930's)

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Originally Published in This Issue (Vol 2, No. 4)
 Courtesy of Michael Murphy

 

 

Because of the continual reference to the squat some may think we believe the squat to be the only means of gaining weight. This is not true as we know that many gain by various other methods than the squat. However, there are cases where it seems that nothing but the squat will get results.

I have had men gain only on heavy lifting, others on very heavy programs of many exercises. Some gain fine on clean and jerks. Others gain on mixed programs. However, most stubborn cases respond to the squat. That is the reason we give it considerable space. 

We also find that the squat can be used for various other things with variations of performance: high reps with emphasis on puff and pants and about bodyweight poundage used for the chest; with heavy weights for reap power; another variation for leg development; another for back development, etc. 

We herewith give in brief outline a weight gaining program. Some may disagree with us but we believe that it is best if one forces added poundage on the bell after a conditioning period has passed. You need not worry about whether you should squat with round of flat back as either is okay for weight gaining, you aren't doing them for development of certain muscles but to stimulate metabolism and all the functions of the body and its organs. I might say the squat makes you grow rather than that it develops you. 
 
First you do a military press and use what you can handle for 10 reps correctly. Then do rowing motion 15 times. Now before you wear out do the squat. Put the bar on standards and load it up. Get under it and back up and do 20 squats. The first five with one breath to each squat and from there on use 3 to 6 or more breaths. Then replace weight and breathe hard while resting. Add 10 lbs. to weight per week. Do three workouts per week if you can. If not, two will do. 
 
After resting do the prone press, curl, and press behind neck, each 10 reps. Do no situps. 
 
Eat plenty of good food and drink two quarts of milk a day. 
 
Sleep and rest all you can. 
 
Sorry I must be so brief but more another time. Try this and report to me. I gained 75 lbs. on this program. It will work if properly applied. Work hard and you will succeed. 
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!  


 

 


Personalization: The Surest Path to Gains - Kevin Dye (2002)

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When I think of the sources of information trainees seek to help them in their pursuit of becoming bigger and stronger, I can't help but feel a twinge of sadness as the information often used is from sources that are next to worthless. Trainees either follow what the biggest guy in the gym does, without questioning its worth or practicality to their own individual needs, or what the champs recommend in the glossy muscle magazines, or is that glorified supplement catalogs. Sure, these might seem admirable role models, if only because they possess the kind of muscle mass the trainee seeks, but the answers they so desperately desire reside in better places, more reliable sources closer to the heart. 
 
Personalization is by far the best source of training information any trainee can use when designing their routine. Forget the glossy muscle magazines and what the champs do, the only person capable of designing a routine suitable to your needs is YOU! No two trainees are exactly alike, and individual variation dictates your own routine. While benches may suit your training partner because he possesses short arms and a barrel chest, you might receive little to no chest stimulation because you're built differently, making it useless for you. Never use an exercise just because others enjoy it or because of legend surrounding its reputation. If benches aren't suited to your body then something better is, and your mission is to find that exercise. 
 
One of the best moves I've made in my lifelong pursuit of reaching my genetic potential has been listening to what my body tells me. Possessing such knowledge dictates exactly what exercises I perform and how often I train. I don't care if others train more often or use movements that are the opposite from mine, that is their prerogative based on their needs. I'm my own instructor, only I know what I need to use for me. This type of understanding doesn't happen overnight, it's the accumulation of many years of lifting and becoming in tune with my body. Some people are born with this instinct while others have to hone it over years of careful listening; either way it's an invaluable trait worth its weight in gold when designing a routine suitable to achieve your goals. 
 
If you settle for a LOT less than what you are truly capable of then you only have yourself to blame, as progress can be a regular occurrence. Genetics aside, why accept less when a little trial and error can take you that much further? It usually takes a while to become in tune with your body, knowing which movements suit you, but that discovery is well worth the effort and dedication as you eventually possess your most powerful guidance, personalization. Weight training is as much about the journey as it is about the destination, so concentrate on gradually building up your poundages, enjoy the small steps of progress, as these are the steps that will eventually accumulate to provide the results you are training for.
 
Four factors determine whether the routine we presently use is right for us; these factors are based on our individual need. So while there might be similarities between two trainees' routines, there's often enough variation to make each one unique. These differences dictate, (1) exercise choice, (2) rep allotment, (3) workout volume, and (4) workout frequency. Let's examine each one to see how personalization shapes our individual needs. Let's examine each one.    
 
Exercise Choice 
 
The first step in designing your own routine is discovering which movements suit you. Some exercises deliver better results than others and without dispute, the foundation of every exercise routine revolves around the basics. The basics are the "beasts" of exercises, as they require the heaviest poundages demanding the most amount of effort to perform. These factors alone explain why they provide the best stimulation, but even within the handful of basic movements there's enough variation to choose from to personalize your routine. The basics deliver worthwhile and noticeable results, and trainees could easily forego isolation movements the whole of their training career safe in the knowledge that they never missed a thing. 
 
Keep in mind that we all possess personal differences, which is why each trainee needs to use only those basic movements that suit them. That is an ongoing process, as movement suitability changes as one grows older and stronger. For example, I was able to perform presses behind neck for most of my training life' this was THE exercise of choice for coconut delts and I wanted those jutting caps as much as anything. But as I grew bigger, pressing behind my neck was no longer practical. The joints in my delts began to suffer more strain and stress than stimulation, and my neck also began to feel the effects. I promptly dropped them rather than continue out of habit or because of the champs' endorsements. I tried a myriad of exercises in search of something better, requiring a lot of trial and effort before I eventually settled on front presses. I knew my body well enough to detect what didn't feel right and wisely avoided injury, which was inevitable had I persisted with presses behind neck just because "The Barbarians" swore to its worth. 
 
Rep Allotment

Knowing your exercise suitability is only part of the battle, as without knowing how many reps you should do on each one, you can't proceed confidently in designing an effective routine. Your muscle fibre make-up determines your rep allotment, and like your choice of exercises, it's something you have to decide on by listening to your body. Certain people excel at different sports for a variety of reasons, most related to genetic heredity. Long distance runners possess a different muscle fibre make-up than do sprinters, which is why they excel in their chosen sport. I knew early in my training that medium and high reps didn't suit me. I'm made for short bursts of effort, which is why my rep allotment rarely exceeds 5 reps of any movement. 
 
In the 80's I tested this theory on two separate occasions using Ellington Darden's methods from one of his books. As predicted, I failed on a handful of reps using 80% of my maximal weight. This confirmed my feeling that low reps suited me best. That isn't too say I've never used high reps for variety or to see what they could do, but each time they never felt right and I lost size and strength. I know I possess a high proportion of fast twitch muscle fibres, where my former training partner had a higher proportion of slow twitch fibres. He once accused me of being "lazy," as I would only do a handful of reps and I was spent. What he overlooked was that was how I HAD to train for my body; his required many more reps than mine did. Knowing my muscle fibre make-up determines my rep allotment. I'm a low repper, so that's what I use. High reps aren't my style.  

Workout Volume

Having a solid grasp of which exercises and reps suit you leads to the task of deciding how much exercise should be included in each workout. Like your muscle fibre make-up, your personal tolerance levels determine how much volume you can take each trip to the gym, and this has to be carefully monitored to avoid over-training. Over-training is by far the worst mistake I see trainees repeatedly make in their haste to become bigger and stronger, as when weight-training is overdone it hampers gains at best, ceasing gains altogether at worst, so it's always a precarious balancing act to get it just right. This becomes more probable the stronger you become; as strength levels increase, so does the toll it takes on the whole body. Advanced trainees are capable of generating extremely high levels of intensity, which is why their workout volume is only a fraction of what it is for the beginner. Even intermediate trainees generate enough intensity to cause enough depletion to warrant a severe reduction on what they used in their initial stages of training. If in doubt, it is always better to err on the side of being conservative, as that way you will be able to get bigger and stronger without fear of over-training.
 
Beginners tolerate greater exercise volumes than advanced trainees can, because they can't generate enough levels of intensity to cause substantial damage and depletion to their system. But as a trainee advances, growing larger and lifting increasingly heavier poundages, something has to be adjusted to compensate. With each progressive workout the trainee's system becomes less tolerable to the volume of workload it endures, which is why it's paramount that adjustments are made to compensate. This is a fact of nature, along with strength and size increases the strain on the system increases also, so to accommodate for these increases workout volume and frequency have to be adjusted in accordance, requiring careful monitoring. 
 
No one is a single entity, as we all possess the same human traits we need to obey for optimal progress. For our bodies to continue progressing at the fastest rate, we must closely monitor what our bodies tell us, as they are our most reliable sources of training information we could have. This feedback is invaluable, and if we choose to ignore it or never bother to pay attention at all then progress will never be what we hoped it would be. Our energy stores aren't indefinite, neither are our tolerance levels for exercise, so the smart trainee is continually monitoring his frequency as required.
 
Possessing a 22-year training history, I know my limits, which is why I use a handful of exercises each workout, and stop just short of failure. I love training, which is evident by by stable training history, and would dearly love to be able to train more often than three times every two weeks, but that wouldn't be practical for my body's needs. My weights are so heavy and my ability to apply myself to each exercise at a regularity that I would otherwise like. Regardless, I'm progressing every week, so that satisfies the criteria of why I train in the first place, as progress is where gains are at, not training for the sake of training. It's these small steps that add up to long term gains. 
 
Each of us has our own tolerance to exercise and recuperation periods we have to abide by to allow weekly progress. It's your mission to analyze each workout,  writing down every aspect in a training diary, so you have tangible evidence to draw upon when deciding your workout volume and frequency. In my opinion, the equation is quite simple: you either perform a single set to failure, or perform two sets just shy of failure, the effect achieved is virtually the same. Which ever you choose is based upon your own unique traits, as some trainees progress better (if only for a limited period) training at maximum intensity, while others progress better by avoiding the last rep of each set. This isn't a mystery, and as you become better at knowing your body, you will be aware of which suits you better. You must become your own trainer to know how to proceed, compare the effects of sub-maximal sets versus sets taken to failure. Try both, monitoring their effects, before you decide.
 
Workout Frequency
 
As mentioned above, workout frequency shouldn't be chosen out of the blue. It's much more complex than that, but when you have it right progress should be an expected weekly occurrence. When training is first commenced, most get away with daily training training if we choose, due to the low poundages we handled and the minor effects placed upon our recuperative abilities. But as we become stronger, able to handle heavier poundages and train harder, deeper inroads are made, taxing our precious recuperative abilities much more. These greater demands require extended periods of rest to rebound from. It's a two-part process, which most overlook and at best they only pay attention to the initial process of recuperating from the workout. In addition to the initial recuperation time to repair the damage we inflicted in our workouts, there's extra time to overcompensate (which is where gains are produced). This two-part process dictates what we get out of our workouts, but it's here where most trainees go off tangent, training when the mood hits them, which severely short-circuits the gains they were capable of had they rested a little longer. 
 
If possible, I would love to train at least three times a week, but know that isn't practical due to the drain on my energy levels to complete and recover from each workout. In addition to this, the mental drain involved to psyche up for such high levels of output is monumental, which is why I have little option than to abide by my personal needs and rest 3-4 days between workouts. This frequency is appropriate for my needs, as I am able to add 1-2 pounds to most exercises every time I train, and without progress why bother to train in the first place? I expect progress at least every second workout, and if it isn't forthcoming then I know it's time to make another adjustment to compensate for my continual strength improvements. My first adjustment is usually the volume of each workout, or the frequency when needed, whatever it takes to ensure continual progress.
 
Once a trainee passes the beginner stage they need to rest according to personal needs, allowing at least 2-3 days or longer between workouts. If progress is sporadic then lengthen the rest days until you see regular progress at least every second workout. Don't fall into the trap that just because Monday is your normal training day, you have to be in the gym, as maybe Tuesday or Wednesday would have been more appropriate. Far too many trainees fear that if they rest for more than a day or two between workouts they will shrink and become weaker. This is pure fallacy, as the body takes a long time to acquire size and strength it isn't logical that it would lose something in a matter of days that takes so long to rebuild. Recuperation is a complex process requiring periods of complete rest to complete according to lifestyle influxes. No week is the same, so be prepared to adjust your rest periods in accordance. Overcompensation (size and strength increases) takes even longer, so never fear resting as long as your body needs, as both your body and mind deserve time off so that the next time around it can push that much harder.
 
Conclusion
 
Train in accordance to your own needs, and never train to someone else's. You have your own criteria for choosing the exercises you perform, based on your unique body structure, which is arrived at after periods of trial and error. As with all other aspects of your workouts, either reps, volume or frequency, each has to be assessed against the other to ensure optimum progress. We must be patient in our journey of discovery, as very few people possess the traits to make their best decisions overnight. The rewards you will receive will be well worth the effort though, as you you will be saved the frustration of searching endlessly for answers, you will know exactly what to do at every stage of your training life. There will be no need to frantically search the internet or magazines in the desperate hope the answers to all your training queries will be revealed. Because your body possesses all the knowledge you'll need if you are simply willing to listen. 
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!          
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  

The One-Hand Get-up - Tony Rose (1992)

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Originally Published in Hardgainer No.19, July, 1992.
 
 Hardgainer magazine is is back and publishing monthly.
For subscription info, see here:
 
 
 
 
 
The One-Hand Get-Up
by Tony Rose (1992)
 
A great favorite of the old-time strongmen, the one-hand get-up, was featured in many an impromptu test of mighty strength. Practiced in the early days of this century in the gyms of Paris, Austria, Germany, Copenhagen and right across Europe, many mighty men tested their strength with this vintage lift. 
 
I used this lift for many years to keep my abdominal corset hard and firm. In my opinion, it's far better to do three or four get-ups with alternate hands than spend valuable gym time doing countless situps. When using it, I always one-hand cleaned the weight to the shoulder first, then side-pressed it overhead. 
 
Although George Hackenschmidt used this lift, and talked to me about it, it was through another source that I discovered its great value, and started to use it. 
 
When I was 17 years old and running my gym in Sefton Park, Liverpool, my photographs were appearing in "Health and Strength" and "Superman" magazines. In those days there were regular physique contests, or posing contests as many were known, and I was a frequent entrant.
 
At that time I was taking one of my many postal courses and one of them contained advice on how to use the one-hand get-up. 
 
Stupidly, I ignored it. 
 
In desperation over my midsection lagging behind the rest of my physique, I wrote off for a book by Barton Horvath. It was called "Abdominal Power."
 
 
 
  
Horvath had a superb physique. Arms, neck and calves all 17", a near-46" chest and 25" thighs at a height of 5'8", and above all a classic midsection. At the time he and Tony Sansone were my favorite American weight-men. 
 
No doubt you've guessed it. The number one exercise in the course was the one-hand get-up. Barton really went to town on its virtues. 
 
Tired of letters from posing judges - Mr. D. Johnson (editor of Health and Strength), George Walsh and other hierarchy of the period - telling me that if only I could obtain the mid-section of the French stars I would be a cover man. I threw myself into Barton Horvath's course. 
 
Well, things like the war, five years in the army and six years of very little decent food put me back a bit. However, in 1947, six years on, I at least started to make front covers and inside covers of the bodybuilding press. It was the one-hand get-up that did it. 
 
Here's a detailed description of my way of doing this great exercise. The only rule for this lift states that the weight shall be held above the head at all times during the lift with the arm locked. 
 
Start with a light weight, say a 20-pound dumbbell, just to get the feel of the discipline. Build up the weight later. With your right hand, clean and press the weight to arm's length overhead. Use good style at all times. Now, look up at the dumbbell in your right hand, step back and slightly to one side some 10-12" with the left foot. Then, reaching towards the floor with the fingers of the left hand, slowly and carefully bend the legs until the left hand touches the floor. While doing this, allow the body to lean over to the left until it's supported by the flat of the left hand on the floor, with the arm kept straight. Keeping your eyes on the weight, start to move your left leg forward and allow the knee to slide to the floor.
 
You'll now be sitting sideways with the left thigh and buttock flat on the floor, supported by your left arm. The dumbbell is kept held above the head, of course with the right arm locked. Now, sink down onto the forearm of the supporting left arm, and very slowly, using the abdominals to control the descent, allow yourself to uncoil into a supine position, straightening the right leg. Take four deep breaths and try to relax with the bell held above your head with straight arm.
 
Now for the hard part. Roll over to the left and draw up the left leg, at the same time raising the body to a position supported by the left hand and elbow. Straighten the left arm and use the very slightly bent right leg to balance yourself. Now e have arrived at the most difficult part of the lift. 
 
Allow the balance of the overhead weight to lean towards the feet and slightly forward, getting into a position of being on the left knee with some 12" behind the bent front leg. Push with the left hand and, getting decent balance, lift the rear knee from the floor. You're now in the position of a split squat. Keep your balance and carefully raise up to the standing position with the weight still at arm's length above the head. Bring the feet together, hold for a count of two and the lift is complete. 
 
Now try with the left hand. 
 
Throughout the exercise, try not to hold your breath. Use the dumbbell [or keetlebell] to help you sit up and obtain positive balance, and don't forget to use a very light weight to start with.
 
When you're practicing this feat, just let your mind dwell for a moment on the far off days of 1903 and the fabulous lifter Emile Deriaz, and his amazing 189-pound one-hand get-up at an old gym in Paris. That was some evening in Paris. 
 
 
 Maurice Deriaz
 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Progression - Bill Starr

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You know what we used to do at York? What we’d do is we’d take a weight and hit it for as many reps as we could. You know something heavy, but something that we could hit for five or six. Then in the next session, we’d add a pound or two to the bar and do the same thing. When it got that we couldn’t do three or so, whatever the number was that was our ‘minimum’ that we were looking for, we’d drop about ten percent of the weight off the bar and start the process again. 
 
When we hit the lighter weight again we’d get it for lots more reps than we had when we’d hit that weight before you know, and that would keep you motivated while you worked back up, you know, hitting records along the way. 

 - Bill Starr

The Lower Back - Our Weakness - John Grimek (1950)

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Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics - Lumbar Spine Textbook:
https://www.wheelessonline.com/issls/contents/

 
 
 
The most universal complaint of human nature is, it seems, an aching back. Without exceptions, weightlifters, bodybuilders, strongmen and the non-exercising individual all seem to be subjected to pains in the lower back at some time during life. 
 
This is understandable when one analyzes the skeletal structure of the back and realizes how essential it is to developing strong supporting muscles in this area; not only in the lumbar region, but throughout the entire body.
 
The whole body is supported upright by the spinal column which consists of approximately 34 vertebrae of varying sizes with small padded discs in between each which function as cushions. Through the vertebrae passes the spinal cord, the current or nerve centers, which transmit messages from the brain to the muscles. 
 
The spine is in constant use whether you stand, sit, walk or lie down, it is always taking an active part, and no matter how you twist or turn, the healthy flexible spine moves with remarkable ease and grace. Structurally, the spine appears to be the weakest link in our whole makeup, but because of a rather wonderful and intricate pattern of muscular schemes which fuses the entire framework into one, makes this region a truly formidable structure of power and mobility! 
 
Two of the chief contributing causes of backache are poor body posture and muscular weakness in the supporting muscles. However, there are other causes which promote backache besides the two mentioned, but suffice to say that the aforementioned two constitute the majority. By correcting these faults, posture and weakness, one can do much to free himself from this annoying complaint.
 
In the rundown and weakened individual a backache frequently occurs when doing some small task or from prolonged bending because the muscles are not accustomed to such movement and become stiff, resulting in an acing back. Bad posture is responsible for most backaches. It forces the spine from its natural position and throws greater pressure on it bringing on physical fatigue and discomfort. Proper posture and its effect on health will be dealt with in a subsequent issue.
 
Athletes occasionally suffer from sore shoulders, pulled muscles and other minor ailments, but the one which receives the greatest number of complaints is the sacroiliac. Osteopaths and chiropractors alike thrive on patients who suffer from this common complaint. They contend that pain is caused by a vertebra or vertebrae slipping "out of place," pinching a nerve, which partially shuts off vital nerve force. This sublaxation, as they call it, hampers body functions and reduces efficiency of the motor cells which incite locomotion. 
 
Treatment consists of aligning the vertebrae to release never impingement. Some people swear by such treatment, while others still maintain a skeptical attitude. On the other hand [Note: if you're ever trying to figure out if an S & H mag article was penned by Grimek under another name, one of the things to look for is "on the other hand" - he used that phrase a lot in his articles! Personal preference in the use of commas and semicolons in creating breaks and whether or not the Oxford comma is used can also help with the identification, once you have an idea of how the particular author goes about choosing, words, punctuation, paragraph breaks, etc. Hey, this is a bit of fun for me! Did I neglect to mention "Piss off if you don't like it" the last little while?

On the other hand [no comma used here] medical authorities disagree, saying it is impossible for the vertebrae to "slip out of place" because of their interlocking formation, and besides, they are bound by hundreds of ligaments to keep them in place. The relief one gets after such an adjustment is due, primarily, from the measured amount of blood which is augmented by the manipulation. This is why heat and light exercise are two important factors in treating backaches; they increase the flow of blood to the area and help relieve congestion in the damaged tissues.
 
People with backache hate to move in any way, and feel such action only serves to increase their miseries. This is untrue except in rare and remote cases. It is vitally important to move and exercise the area to stimulate a more abundant supply of fresh blood into the tender tissues [another identifier of Grimek's writing would have to be his consistency in stressing the great value of increasing blood flow to the area being examined and written about]. Prolonged standing or sitting often aggravates any back condition, which only further proves how vital movement is. Increased circulation produced by exercise will help to carry off waste impurities much faster and relieve congestion much more effectively. 
 
Here again a word of caution should not be overlooked; by exercise it is not meant one should do heavy lifts or laborious exercises which work the strenuously. It means, to be more specific, to give the muscles a thorough workout but without forcing them to their limit as in building muscle. 
 
One should do fairly high repetitions to stimulate the muscles without any strain. Such light movements help nature to heal more rapidly than if one subjects the muscles to hard use.
 
Note: A good but little-used plan is to take a few minutes and slip in some light, higher-rep deadlift sets a day or three following a heavy deadlift session. Nothing charted out by percentage, and I don't have a spreadsheet to tell you what "light" in this case means. Light! REAL LIGHT deadlifts, and they work real well to get the kinks, minor tweaks and smaller owies out. It works better than any rolling yourself around on the floor or rubbing with a stick, in my view. As soon as some fools hear "deadlift" they proceed to immediately move their balls closer to the wall. This is not that.
 
The application of heat should be frequently employed to alleviate pain and to stimulate the nerve centers, especially before and after any exercise. 
 
Generally speaking, there are two types of backache where treatment is involved; the chronic and the acute type. In the latter type heat and massage usually affords immediate relief or after a few successive treatments. But the chronic backache of long standing, in most cases, refuses to yield any treatment if some irritation is present. In such extreme cases an X-ray is advised to check the condition of the spine and to determine if there are any underlying causes which set up this irritation. A growth on or near the spine may be causing the pressure and will defy all treatments until the cause is removed. Frequently an X-ray may disclose an arthritic condition which, when discovered early enough, can be successfully overcome, but before any treatment can be efficacious the cause must first be removed. 
 
When the pain is overwhelming, as it sometimes is, one should recline and rest by propping up the feet to to flatten out the lower back. This often brings immediate relief because the lower back is relieved of this pressure and is able to fully relax in this position. Heat of some kind should be applied at frequent intervals to keep a good supply of blood in this area. Infrared heat is more desirable because of its ability to penetrate the tender tissues to a greater depth.
 
Another suitable restful way to relive the back is to lie on the floor over which a blanket has been spread. Lie on the blanket and bring the knees up close to the chest by clasping the hands under the knees and pulling them up. This action straightens the small of the back and relieves pressure almost instantly. Maintain this position for a few seconds or until complete relaxation is achieved, then extend the legs for a few seconds and repeat this procedure. Do this as often as you can or when the pain in the back is especially annoying.
 
If your back aches only upon arising in the mornings it may indicate your bed is too soft or you have poor posture sleeping. (Man, this posture thing can be a pain in the neck.) Soft, billowy beds, though inviting they may appear, are actually not conducive to good, sound sleep, nor does it help to relieve back pains . . . they frequently promote it! It permits the spine to twist into unnatural position for long durations, making it stiff and aching. 
 
One of the best positions to assume while sleeping is to lie in a prone position, right hand under the abdomen, head resting on the left hand facing left, right leg outstretched with the left leg bent up towards the chest. This posture eliminates pressure on the spine and makes sleeping sounder and more comfortable. You can also reverse this position with equally restful benefits. Others may find it better to tuck both knees close to the chest while sleeping on either side instead of the position just described. What happens is the lower back is straightened out and pressure from the spine is removed.
 
Prevention, of course, is better than cure. While it is possible to overcome many backaches the one question is: How to prevent it? Faulty posture, already mentioned, is a contributing factor. Awkward positions tend to exert unnatural pressure on the spine nd produce fatigue and backache. The back is susceptible to drafts and chills very readily and should be protected at all times by keeping it well covered, especially during training. Never expose your back to cold drafts by sitting near an open window while the muscles are warm. Such action invariably brings stiffness and muscular aches. Wear a good fitting jersey or sweat shirt while training, particularly in cold weather. Avoid any heavy exercises until the muscles, especially the back, are thoroughly warmed up. 
 
The lower back and its supporting muscles should be developed and strengthened to assure better support. Back exercises are numerous which react most favorably on the erector muscles. With this article there are several illustrations stressing the conditioning and strengthening of the lower back. [I can see them but you can't, so there. Buy me a new scanner and you will magically see them too!].   
 
The spine is involved in very movement the body executes, as said before, but there are exercises which impose direct action. The stiff legged deadlift, apart from its developmental value, is a paramount exercise to condition the back when one carries it out as such. Too often an ambitious trainee handles more weight than he can properly negotiate in this exercise and suffers detrimental effects. 
 
If one seeks to demonstrate his strength he should employ the regular dead lift in which the legs take an active part in elevating the weight. In the stiff leg variety one should confide himself to handling poundages well within his limits and include more repetitions than are generally used to act as a "stimulator" and not as a strength feat. Greater flexibility of the spine can be acquired and the back kept in excellent condition if one performs this exercise as a conditioner. 20 or more repetitions should be executed if included to overcome any back condition.
 
The Good Morning exercise is similar in movement to the stiff legged dead lift but some prefer it to the former because of the added leverage the weight imposes when it rests across the shoulders behind the neck. This movement should be done slowly and correctly for best results. 
 
Swinging exercises, of which there are a large variety, are all excellent for conditioning and strengthening the lower back muscles. The weight should be swung overhead in one movement, employing the legs in the exercise, as well as the back, to assure better coordination and direct the exercise where it is needed. 12-15 repetitions are sufficient except when a single dumbbell is used, then 10 repetitions with each hand should be executed.
 
Another exercise that promotes development of the erector muscles is the side bend with a weight held overhead. At first you touch . . . 
 
Bong-and-a-walk . . . continued from here . . . 
 
Enjoy Your Lifting!         

 



 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Steve Justa, One of a Kind

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 Steve Justa
March 9, 1958 - May 29, 2021.



 

 

 

Power Rack Bodybuilding - Don Ross (1988)

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This method consists of three training days a week utilizing basic exercises. 
 
In the 1st workout, each exercise is done with the 1st half of the movement only. Set the pins in the power rack so the bar is stopped one-half way through the movement. When the bar hits the top pins, apply maximum tension against this barrier for 6-8 full seconds of isometric contraction. Do 5 reps per set. 
 
The 2nd workout is performed in the 2nd half of the movement in the same manner. 
 
The 3rd workout features full movements with slow negatives. 
 
Take the Press Behind Neck as an example. In the 1st workout, you press from the bottom position until the bar is parallel with the top of your forehead. In the 2nd workout, you start the press from forehead level and end at almost a lockout (but low enough to do the isometric part of each rep). The 3rd workout consists of full movements with no isometric, but with a slow negative movement. 
 
Do 4 sets per exercise. 
 
Add weight to the bar as often as possible.
 
Here are the exercises I use in this routine. On paper it appears almost over-simple, but you will find that the energy output is so high you might even decide to split the routine in half for a 6-day program. 
 
So . . . 
 
1st Workout: 1st half of the movement
2nd Workout: 2nd half of the movement
3rd Workout: Full movement with slow negative
 
Bench Press
Press Behind Neck, Wide Grip
Upright Barbell Row
Bentover Barbell Row
Barbell Curl
Lying Triceps Extension
Stiff-Legged Deadlift
Squat
Calf Raise
 
Enjoy Your Lifting! 












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